2024 Author: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 10:16
One of the most valuable metals on earth is copper. It is an excellent conductor of electricity and heat, which is second only to silver in these parameters. And copper wire is almost the best material for filigree work. But most of all it is used in industry as a conductor of electric current. Copper wire also has high ductility. It is also relatively inexpensive and very technologically advanced. It can be bent and cut, it is easily amenable to any kind of welding and soldering, copper wire is available for drawing and rolling. Also, she does not care about both high and low temperatures (from -200 to +250 degrees), and atmospheric and soil moisture does not affect her. In addition, such a wire is practically harmless and has a long service life. And thanks to these positive qualities, it is used very widely.
A electrical copper wire is made from the same material, the grade of which is not lower than M1, and the chemical composition corresponds to GOST 859-2001. This is a metal of sufficiently high quality with a minimumimpurity content (about 0.1%). And the cross section of the M1 wire is round. It is also subjected to annealing, and this increases its plasticity, and also makes it possible to process it by cutting. And cold deformation gives it high hardness. And for the electrical industry, wire grades such as M1 and M2r are used. And the additional letter "E" in their designation indicates that they require electrical conductivity testing. Also, depending on the hardness of the material, it is also divided into hard MT and soft MM. At the same time, the copper wire of each of these brands has its own advantages and scope. And according to its purpose, it can be divided into electrical, wire for rivets and for low-temperature thermocouples.
And copper wire is used in the power industry, construction, printing, mechanical engineering and light industry. Contact wires, cables, rivets, decorative elements and low-temperature pairs are made from it. In the shoe industry, small copper nails, accessories and studs are made from it. And in industries such as mechanical engineering, telecommunications and shipbuilding, it is indispensable. Here it is used as windings for electric motors and transformers, spark ignition leads and fuses are made from it. At the same time, it is easy to work with it, since it has high plasticity. Even the resistance of copper wire is less than that made of aluminum, besides it is stronger. Therefore, it is more profitable to make electric wires from it, since for the samevoltage and current require a lighter and thinner wire.
Also, copper wires and cable cores are clad with a metal such as nickel, which has its advantages over tin and silver, especially in some cable applications. This is due to the fact that nickel-plated copper wire is highly resistant to corrosion and oxidation, as well as to critical temperatures. And it is used mainly in the manufacture of high quality multi-core cables, which are intended for the aviation, electronic, space, telecommunications and defense industries. Copper-nickel wire is also used to make high-temperature cables, spark ignition leads, and fuses. It can withstand temperatures up to 750 degrees.
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