How to fill out a VAT return? Calculate VAT. Completing a VAT return

2024 Author: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 10:16

implementation. Therefore, you need to know how to fill out a VAT return.

What is VAT?

If you tell the layman in simple words what VAT is, it will look something like this: this is a type of tax paid by a manufacturer to the state for creating (or selling something created by others) a product from which he will then make a profit, exceeding the cost of its production.

In other words, the tax is calculated from the difference between the sale price of the product and the amount of funds invested in its acquisition (or manufacture). It should be noted that the seller still compensates himself for the amount of VAT, laying it in the final cost of the goods.

Who and how should report onVAT

The Law on Taxes in Article 174.1 of the Code on Fees and Taxes says that this tax must be declared:

• persons who are not payers of the specified tax (for more details - article 173, paragraph 5);
• natural and legal persons, if they pay VAT;
• tax agents defined by Article 161.

Knowing how to fill out a VAT return, one should also adhere to the rule according to which enterprises that do not bear the burden of paying taxes, but provide invoices to their customers, must declare the tax value.

Article 80 of the Code establishes that the declaration of this tax can be submitted in the form of an application for the entire amount of profit, its origin, expenses incurred, the object subject to tax, benefits, the amount of VAT accrued and other documented information, on which it is determined tax calculation.

VAT payers submit all reporting documentation with relevant information at their actual place of registration for a period up to the 20th calendar day of the month following the taxable period.

The updates to Article 174 that came into force from the first day of the current year oblige all tax payers (regardless of the number of employees) to submit a declaration of the appropriate format using telecommunications channels through the appropriate document flow operator.

Basic reporting provisions

Filling out the VAT declaration nowcarried out without changes - in accordance with the official order of the Ministry of Finance No. 104n of October 15, 2009. But in the letter of the Federal Tax Service (October 17, 2013 No. ED-4-3 / 18585 “On filling out tax returns submitted to the tax authorities”), it was recommended to introduce OKTMO instead of OKATO from the beginning of the first month of the year.

If the VAT return form is filled out properly, the company is guaranteed a tax refund. That is why it is important to understand how to fill out a VAT return correctly and be able to use the structural plan for compiling a reporting document.

The article details how to complete the VAT Return. Its form contains certain items.

Main sections of a tax reporting document

Form of title sheet:

1. The first section is the full amount of the amount of tax that is transferred to the state budget.
2. The second section is deductions, according to the information of tax agents, transferred to the state treasury.
3. Section 3 of the VAT return calculates amounts deducted at a rate of 0%.
4. App. 1 for the third section - the amount of tax paid, which appeared as a result of the restoration.
5. App. 2 for the third section - the calculation of the amount of VAT for the provision of services, trade in various products, re-registration of the rights of owners, VAT (residences of other countries whose activities take place through organized representative offices).
6. In the fourth section, you need to calculate VAT based on transactions that have a commercialessence on which the zero rate is confirmed.
7. Fifth section - Calculates the costs of commercially directed activities with an agreed value added rate.
8. Sixth section - VAT is calculated in relation to commercial-type actions without official confirmation.
9. 7 The section of the VAT declaration refers to commercial activities not included in the taxation of VAT, which are not recognized as taxpayers, or to processes that are carried out outside the territory of the Russian Federation.

This year, the corresponding filling of the VAT declaration implies the obligatory presence of a completed title page. If the practice of a certain representative of an entrepreneurial organization includes actions that are indicated in regulatory documents, then the remaining sections are included in the reporting document according to the structure.

The instructions for filling out indicate that VAT payers should take sales books, purchase books and accounting registers as the basis for preparing a declaration (tax accounting is possible).

Example: 2014 VAT return

The tax reporting document under discussion is being drawn up with a title page. The certificate of registration with the tax authorities indicates that information about the checkpoint and TIN is entered first.

The item "Adjustment number" implies the code of the document type delivery (in case of primary filing - 0, revised document - 1). The codes in the VAT declaration also include a code containing information on the procedure for filling out the declaration in the periodtaxation.

The column "Reporting year" should contain information about the year in which the VAT return is submitted. The form must be numbered, indicating on it the number of the relevant service that accepts the reporting. At the same time, a code of 400 is indicated, it indicates that the taxpayer is registered in the same place where the document was submitted.

Based on this year's economic activity code classifier, designate OKVED. In the paragraph “I confirm the accuracy and completeness of the information specified in this declaration”, a code is entered, the number of which depends on who signed the document (head of the organization - 1, authorized person - 2).

Initials and painting are put down in the column "Signature". If the signature was made under a notarized power of attorney, information about the official paper, which confirms all the powers vested in the signatory, is additionally reflected in the column “Document indicating the powers of the representative.”

Detailed plan

How to fill out a VAT return according to the developed plan:

• the first section displays information on the amounts of tax that are subject to transfer to the state budget or are planned for reimbursement;
• in line 010, the OKTMO code is entered (from the beginning of this year, OKTMO OK 033-2013 is valid);
• column 020 - here the type of budget classification is entered in figures in coded form, it was created for the purpose of calculating VAT (18210301000011000110);
• in line 030 enter data in quantitative terms about the tax that must be paid to the state treasury;calculated independently by business entities that issue invoices;
• column 040 is intended to indicate the amount of tax assigned for payment, as stipulated in article 173 (paragraph 1);
• in column 050 the amount of the planned reimbursement from the state budget is recorded;
• final values of 040 and 050 are calculated based on the information in section 3.

How to fill out a VAT tax return for tax agents for whom the second section of the document is provided? Consider an example. The VAT return looks like this:

• line 010 is intended for putting down the code of the reason for registering a branch of a foreign organization that controls the payment of tax fees and submits financial documentation;
• line 020 displays the full name of a foreign business entity that is not registered with the tax authority;
• in line 030 enter the TIN of this subject;
• line 040 is coded according to the budget classifier;
• line 050 is the code according to the classifier of territories of municipalities;
• in line 060 write down the final calculations for VAT intended for payment by the tax agent;
• line 070 is used to put down the code of the activity carried out by the entity that must calculate and pay tax fees;
• line 080 shows the amount of VAT calculated by the agent in the current taxation period;
• line 090 records the amount of tax deductions that are calculated against future transactions for the sale of goods (services, works).

There is a point that needs to be emphasized when formulating the 2014 VAT return. The form may be filled out with changes in some cases. If there is no data in column 080, then the value of column 090 is recorded in 060. In the absence of data in column 090, the value from 080 is recorded in 060. The third section shows the rates of the tax itself, its base, the amount of tax already accrued, the amount of all refunds. Submission of the VAT return implies only the correct execution, which should look like the one described below.

• payer must indicate their KPP and TIN;
• 010-040 displays data on the amount of tax at a certain rate and on the tax base determined by articles 153-157 and 159 of the Tax Code;
• 010, 020 - lines for amounts subject to 18% and 10% rates. The data is calculated by multiplying the numbers gr. 3rd section by 10 or 18 and dividing the total by 100.

Line-by-line design of the third section

1. To calculate 030, 040, the values of paragraph 3 of the section are multiplied. 3 by 18, then divide by 118 (if necessary, 18 is replaced by 10, 118 - 110).
2. 050 - here the volume of the tax base and the calculation of VAT are put down when the enterprise is sold as property.
3. 060 - in this paragraph, data on the tax base and its volume accrued during the production of the installationconstruction work for personal purposes.
4. 070 - here the volumes of payments on account of future trade transactions are entered; here, assignees record information about various payments on account of planned realizing operations.
5. 080 - contains information on charges related to the payment of offers that contribute to an increase in the tax base (section 162).
6. 090 - the amount of VAT to be restored. Also, in 090 and 100, they enter data on the amount that was declared upon purchase and previously accepted for deduction, it must be restored during transactions taxed at 0%.
7. 110 - data on the calculation of VAT, which are presented to the client when he transfers the payment.
8. 120 - the total charge of value added tax is entered here.
9. 130-210 - VAT amounts determined for deduction. Important note: in line 200, the seller enters the data recorded in paragraph 070 of section 3. Also, the amounts accepted for deduction from the successor of ownership and accrued by him from the volumes of various payments are noted here.
10. 210 - values are entered by the buyer, who is obliged to pay the tax. This is information about the values of the deduction and crediting to the state treasury.
11. 220 - here the result of adding points 150-170, 200 and 210, 130.
12. 230 - data on the final amount due for the entire section.
13. 240 - the final amount calculated to decrease for the current section.

In the fourth section, information is entered on actions that are absolutely not subject to the burden of taxation, orthe rate for which is zero.

Filling standards

• Column 1 contains transactions in the form of codes.
• In column 2, tax bases are prescribed for codes, the rate for which is zero for the reporting period.
• Column 3 shows information about deductions for operations from points 1 and 2.
• Column 4 is designed to display the amount of VAT for each code.
• Column 5 contains tax accrual data that was previously deductible for actions that did not have a documented reason for the 0% rate.
• The tenth line displays the entire tax amount that is deductible (the third column + the fourth column - the fifth column).

There is a need to fill out the fifth section if the organization receives the right to include tax amounts with a documented zero rate in tax deductions.

There is a certain system for completing this section.

• Column 1 contains information about the operation code.
• Column 2 shows taxes for each process, with a confirmed zero rate required.
• Column 3 reflects the tax amount for all transactions.
• Column 4 contains tax bases for each code.
• Column 5 fixes the tax volume for unreasonable zero rates of codes that had the right to deduct during the period indicated in the declaration.

Section six is drawn up if the organization carried out activities with an unconfirmed justification for zero taxationrate.

Design:

• Column 1 - information about operation codes.
• Column 2 - for each action, the tax bases are displayed separately, as specified in article 167 of the tax legislation.
• Column 3 contains a note on the amount of tax.
• Column 4 enters information on sales deductions for all codes for which zero rates are not confirmed.
• The results for columns 2, 3, 4 are entered in line 010.
• If the data in column 3 of line 010 is greater than the data in column 4 of line 010, line 020 is filled in.
• If the situation is the opposite of the above, fill in line 030.

The seventh section contains information about tax-free or tax-exempt activities and foreign transactions.

• 1 column 010 - information about operation codes.
• 2 column 010 - the cost of proposals that are not subject to VAT and are sold abroad.
• 3 column 010 - the price of tangible purchases or services that are not subject to VAT (with respect to each code).
• 4 column 010 - information on the tax amounts that were received when paying for commercial offers.
• 020 line documents the amounts of payment (or advance) for commercial offers that are made (carried out) for more than six months.

Responsibility for Inaccurate Information

The above described the basic rules for preparing tax documents for filing a report inthe relevant authority. It should be noted that Article 81 of the Tax Code defines actions in case of insufficient data submitted, erroneous filling of sections, and other errors.

If deficiencies are found, the organization is required to submit a revised VAT return. In addition, a fine and arrears in favor of the state are charged for filing a "clarification". The base of the tax legislation of our country provides for cases when an entity obliged to pay taxes has a chance to get rid of responsibility for providing updated reporting.

In what cases can responsibility for the "clarification" be avoided?

• The taxpayer managed to submit updated information before the tax inspectorate notified him of the discovery of the process of understatement of the tax amount, which is set as a payment, or before the notification of the start of a financial audit of the current situation.
• The residual amount and interest were paid prematurely, before the "clarification" was provided to the tax authorities.

Peculiarities of filing revised declarations

First of all, it should be noted that the "clarification" must fully confirm the correct information. It is also necessary to take into account the fact that the VAT declaration does not provide for the tax period for each payer as the same period of time.

All data must comply with the norms established by law. Tax agents may reflect the data of those taxpayers who havewhich errors or distortions were found.

In general, there are two main reasons for the need to provide clarified information: underpayment or overpayment. In case of underpayment of tax by the organization, it is obliged to enter clarifying information. But if the error was discovered by the taxpayer after the submission of the declaration and did not lead to an underestimation of the tax base, then the obligation to correct the information from the organization is removed.

To return money to the tax authority in case of overpayment, there is also no need to submit a "clarification". This is regulated by article 78 of the tax legislation. But at the same time, it must be said that the tax authorities take a very responsible approach to the return of funds, and strive to confirm the fact of the overpayment with an updated declaration. Therefore, in the event that the organization intends to return the overpaid amounts, it is better to submit the "clarification" to the tax service.

How to verify tax deductions

If an organization performs the functions of a tax agent, such deductions are subject to particularly rigorous scrutiny (they are indicated in line 210 of the third section). This data is filled in by taxpayers themselves.

At the same time, there is a list of organizations for which there is no tax deduction:

1. Those who are exempt from paying VAT in accordance with article 145 of the legislation on taxes and fees.
2. Enterprises selling confiscated material assets and property.
3. Organizations that act as intermediaries (and participate in settlements) in the sale of commercial offers of foreign firms do notregistered with the tax service in the Russian Federation.

A withholding agent can claim a VAT deduction for purchasing commercial products from firms of foreign origin, as well as for the purchase or lease of municipal property.

The list of documents to confirm the legitimacy of the deduction claim is small. These are all payment documents containing information that the withheld VAT was paid to the state budget; invoices must also be provided by the taxpayer. You can only count on the deduction when the acquisitions are intended to be used for activities subject to VAT.

There are some important things to note about invoices. In the case when the “agent’s” deduction is meant, it is confirmed by documents that were compiled directly by the agent himself. The organization in this option independently draws up invoices in two copies. One copy is kept in the journal for the control of invoices issued, it is fixed in the sales book by the date of the final preparation of the document.

Another copy is sent to the received invoices control book and recorded in the purchase journal. These rules are established by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation, adopted in December 2000 (No. 914).

It is also necessary to pay attention to the fact that in the above option the invoice is not issued by the selling entity, therefore, an application for a deduction from the amount of the advance payment that was transferred is not allowed. You can use your tax advantagesonly when the advanced products are finally registered.

We hope our information will help you calculate VAT correctly and fill out the declaration correctly.