2024 Author: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 10:16
Practically everyone who has held a screwdriver or a hammer in their hands knows what a fastener is. This definition fits any metal object that allows you to connect two parts together. This rather large list contains screws, self-tapping screws, bolts, anchors, nuts, washers and many more various hardware. All of them are widely used in industry.
Any fastener belongs to one group or another: construction, furniture, railway, automotive or general use. Each option has its own additional divisions. The most diverse construction fasteners. This includes bolts, screws, washers… in general, everything that we use when we assemble a book shelf or a table with our own hands.
All hardware must meet certain requirements. There are a large number of different standards, which indicate the characteristics of fasteners. GOST 27017-86 describes the types and names of all types of hardware. And then for each productthere is a standard that specifies all the requirements.
Any fastener related to hardware is made of metal. It can be brass, carbon steel or stainless steel. If necessary, an additional coating is applied to protect the metal from corrosion. But it is allowed to use hardware without a protective layer. You can often see black self-tapping screws or screws - this is a phosphated or oxidized coating. Fasteners that have undergone additional galvanizing treatment look more attractive.
All building hardware can be divided into several groups. Consider each one separately.
Metric fasteners
This group includes all types of screws, bolts, studs, nuts and washers. They serve directly for detachable connection of parts. The production of fasteners provides for the correspondence of the external thread on the screw or bolt to the internal thread of the nut. Therefore, each size has its own counterpart. The washer helps to further fix the tie.
Anchor fasteners
This includes hardware that is used at high loads. This fastener is used when it is necessary to rigidly fix a building structure, such as a window or a flight of stairs. The anchor consists of two elements. The spacer part is the most important. It is she who, changing from loads, allows you to hold the entire structure. A separate position is a chemical anchor. This fastener is often used when mountingstairs. It is based on filling voids with a hardening component.
Dowel fasteners
It is used for walls when it is necessary to hang a heavy object. A dowel is first inserted into the prepared hole, and then a screw is screwed in. It turns out a fairly rigid mount. Today, dowels are (most often) made of plastic or similar material.
Secrets
This fastener differs from screws and bolts by threading that allows you to cut internal threads in parts. Widely used in construction. Produced for different types of materials. A wood or drywall screw should not be used when working with plastic or metal.
Screws
They have the same principle of operation as self-tapping screws, but are used for softer materials. The rod is half threaded, made of a less hard metal.
Rivets
Serve for permanent connection of parts. Used in various fields, in the manufacture of furniture and even in the railway industry.
All fasteners have their own strength class. From it you can judge where it is better to use the product. In appearance, screws, bolts, screws and self-tapping screws are very similar. They have a head of various shapes and a shaft on which the thread is fully or partially applied. The screw and the self-tapping screw end with a pointed end, with the help of which the mentioned products are screwed into the material. The shape of the head can be semi-circular, flat, square, hexagonal, countersunk or semi- countersunk. For the convenience of screwing on the hat, special slots are cut in the form of a cross or a strip. Sometimes non-standard cuts are made for additional protection, which require the use of a special tool.
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