Fuel-free energy. Prospects for alternative energy in Russia

2024 Author: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 10:16

Modern energy is based mainly on hydrocarbon fuel, which is used in various forms and types in almost all sectors of the national economy around the world. In Russia, fuel materials are not just a source of energy, but also an export commodity on which the economic model of development depends. In many ways, this explains the tasks of the country's leadership, focusing on the development of alternative energy sources in order to reduce dependence on the traditional resource.

As the experience of many developed countries shows, fuel-free energy may well replace hydrocarbon raw materials, which in the near future will lead to radical changes in the energy trade.

The benefits of renewable energy

Technologies for the use of alternative energy sources provide several advantages at once to the countries that implement them. And if the economic factor can be attributed to universal positive aspects, then in the case of Russia, some specific aspects also play a role.

Firstly, fuel-free energy can finally solve the problems of inaccessibility of main gas and electricity supply networks. Until now, large areas in remote parts of the country do not have access to energy in principle, which is associated with poor infrastructural development of the regions. Local use of local energy sources will help to solve these problems. Secondly, the development of alternative energy may well facilitate the processes of waste disposal. In particular, processed raw materials in many sectors of agriculture can be converted into water and biofuels precisely through the use of renewable raw materials with optimized energy transformation mechanisms.

Main areas of fuel-free energy in Russia

Unfortunately, it is not yet possible to speak of dominant directions as established branches of the energy industry. Of course, there are some successfully implemented projects in the most popular areas involving the use of solar and wind energy. Traditionally, hydropower also shows success, although there are many difficulties in this direction due to the technological imperfection of the equipment used.

By the way, ordinary citizens are also showing interest in "green" technologies. Craftsmen make their own solar batteries and windmills according to standard models. These, for example, include a neodymium magnet generator. With their own hands, it is assembled according to the principle of an axial motor with a rotor and a stator. In this way, you can make a good power supply for 100-150 W, which will work completely on free energy.

Solar generators

According to experts, the potential for solar energy production in the Russian Federation, converted to traditional fuel, exceeds 200 billion tons. Due to the instability of the possibilities of accumulating solar energy in different regions, there remain problems in the technological implementation of power plants of this type, however, under favorable conditions, generators can generate up to 1400 kWh/m2. At the same time, the segment of solar power plants for the home is actively developing.

The cost of a kit that provides output at the level of 2 kWh/day varies from 20 to 70 thousand rubles. on average, but this power is enough to fully service a small house or cottage.

Wind generators

In the field of wind energy, experts predict the volume of electricity generation at the level of 15 GW by about 2030. Again, much will depend on regional climate opportunities in the implementation of current and future projects, since, like solar radiation, wind will vary is active in different geographic locations. The most promising regions areKrasnodar Territory, Karelia, Volgograd Region, etc. As for the types of wind turbines that can form an energy park, the majority should be standard installations with a capacity of 0.1-10 kW, vertical turbines for 5-30 kW, as well as complex vertical -axial stations for industrial use with supporting foundations.

Hydropower

With regard to Russia, we can talk about the development of small hydropower facilities that operate at capacities in the range of 1-3000 kW. The transition to optimized hydrological stations was caused by environmental interests, which is associated with the great damage that large hydroelectric power plants cause to reservoirs. The main regional areas of application for fuel-free energy facilities of this type are located in the Far East, the Caucasus, the Tyumen region and Yakutia. Microstations with a power potential of up to 100 W are also popularized. Such structures can be installed in almost any farm, holiday village or private household, where, in principle, it is possible to use the energy of water movement. The technical implementation of the device in terms of complexity slightly exceeds the task of organizing an irrigation system.

Problems of development of alternative energy in Russia

The main factor slowing down the development and promotion of alternative energy resources are the costs of implementing such projects and operating the already implemented capacities. In each case, it is assumedfinancial problems of maintaining energy systems, and the exclusion of fuel resources in itself does not at all make such capacities completely economically independent. In most cases, at least third-party energy is required to support the systems for managing the processes of accumulation and conversion of energy from alternative sources. Alternative energy is largely dependent on natural conditions. This greatly reduces its energy efficiency compared to traditional means of generating electricity.

Prospects for alternative energy in Russia

The lack of rich experience in the implementation of large industrial projects based on fuel-free energy generation technologies does not allow us to look confidently and optimistically at the prospects for the development of this area in Russia. Although each segment has its own successful developments, in general, the effect of their use is not yet comparable with the energy efficiency of the existing traditional electricity generation infrastructure. Despite this, fuel-free energy in the future will allow solving a number of economic and environmental problems that are not yet acute enough. This also applies to the abandonment of nuclear energy, and a large-scale transition from carbon fuel to alternative energy sources.

Conclusion

Alternative energy technologies cannot be called new for Russia. In the USSR, for example, hydroelectric power stations and wind turbines were quite widespread. But if we talk about the issues of a fundamental transition to non-fuel resources, then even against the background of the active development of technologies, their solution is still rather vague. Unless there are obvious advancement trends in the areas of small household energy, which is also confirmed by the popularity of the same generator on neodymium magnets. With your own hands, such a design can be assembled literally from improvised means with minimal costs for consumables, but during operation such a device will allow you to consistently save a small amount on the power supply of small electrical equipment. And this is just one example of how alternative energy sources penetrate the lives of ordinary citizens. Similar developments are present in the solar energy segment, and in this area we are talking about the integrated energy supply of private houses.