2024 Author: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 10:16
The word "service" is interpreted in different meanings. This term is understood as a certain social activity of people, the place of work of a person, a special attitude to business, and so on. V. Dahl associated this word with such values as usefulness, readiness for action, etc. Today, service is usually understood as the relationship of loy alty, duty, devotion, the ability to protect someone's interests.
Definition
The State Civil Service of the Russian Federation is a professional activity of a certain category of persons. Their places of work are authorities at different levels. Being in the ranks of the army and law enforcement is not considered a civilian civil service. Financing of the work of authorized persons of government bodies is carried out from budget funds, depending on the level. For structures operating in the constituent entities, these are regional revenues, for state institutions- federal.
Regulatory framework
The activity in question is regulated by:
- Law "On the civil service system". This act was adopted on May 27, 2003. It defines the basic concepts, establishes the principles for the implementation of the professional activities of employees. This normative act also delimits activities from other powers of authority.
- FZ "On the State Civil Service". It was adopted on July 27, 2004. This normative act regulates in detail the issues of professional activities of employees. The document formulates restrictions and prohibitions, the procedure in accordance with which employment is carried out. Issues that are not covered by the Federal Law "On the State Civil Service" are regulated by the provisions of the Labor Code.
In addition, there are other regulations governing this area. In particular, they include presidential decrees, government decrees, orders of regional authorities.
Specifics
The federal (state) civil service reflects the functions, tasks and main features of the country's structure. It is designed to ensure their practical implementation. The word "state" in the definition, therefore, indicates that the employee in his activities acts on behalf of and on behalf of the authorities. This work presupposes constant, competent and continuous provision of the implementation of the powers delegated to employees. Law "On Statecivil service" establishes certain requirements for persons entering the state of power structures. Subjects must have certain knowledge, skills that are acquired during special training.
Tasks
Government civil service required for:
- Ensuring the constitutional order of the country.
- Developing strategies for political, social, economic development.
- Selection of personnel capable of realizing the tasks that society sets before the authorities.
- Creating organizational structures.
- Protection of interests, freedoms and rights of the population, creation of conditions for personal development.
The functions that the state civil service implements are relatively separate and independent main types of professional activities in the exercise of power.
Principles
The Law "On the State Civil Service" establishes special provisions on which all activities of authorized structures and persons are based. All principles are closely related to each other. They reflect the content, forms and essence of the civil civil service. The consolidation of the basic provisions acts as the most important ideological and theoretical basis. It connects all types of activity under consideration into a complex legally justified system. The principles on which the civil service is based, consolidate the requirements put forward by society and other subjectscontrols.
The Supremacy of the Constitution
This is the key principle on the basis of which all the activities of the authorities are based. The civil service, as mentioned above, is regulated by various regulations. However, the main role among them belongs to the Constitution. Only based on its provisions, the subjects of the country should and can have their own legislation on the civil civil service. In the event of conflicts, the Constitution and other normative acts adopted at the highest level will prevail.
Principle of federalism
This provision ensures the unity of the entire system, as well as compliance with the division of powers and jurisdiction between the supreme and regional authorities. The federal service belongs to the competence of the Russian Federation, the subject service - to issues resolved within the framework of the joint activities of the Russian Federation and its subjects. Within the framework of the delimitation, the scope of powers of the supreme power should be sufficient for the formation of a single organizational and legal institution. The implementation of the principle of federalism requires holistic regulation.
Priority rights
The Constitution of the Russian Federation proclaimed a person the highest value. The duty of the state is to protect its civil and personal interests and rights. This, in turn, is the duty of the authorities. Recognition, observance and protection of the rights and freedoms of man and citizen are elevated to the rank of fundamental principles of the civil service. It is important that authorizedpersons acting on behalf of the power structures ensured the implementation of this task not only in words, but also in deeds.
Equal access to activities
The principle of equality, as well as the priority of human and civil rights, is also constitutional. It means that individuals have equal access to professional activities, regardless of:
- nationalities;
- gender;
- race;
- property status;
- religions;
- places of residence and so on.
State civil service positions
Posts that can be held by persons involved in the activity under consideration are divided into several categories:
- Leaders. Appointments to these positions may be for a fixed term or indefinitely.
- Advisors (assistants). These positions are established to assist alternates, supervisors and their deputies.
- Specialists. They ensure that state bodies fulfill their tasks and functions. Persons are appointed to such positions without setting a term of office.
- Providing specialists. These positions are also established without term limits. Such specialists provide financial, economic, informational, organizational, documentation, economic and other support for the professional activities of government employees.
Specifiedcategories are established by the Federal Law "On the civil service system in the Russian Federation".
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