Complete transformer substation KTP: production, installation

2024 Author: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-01-07 20:55

Complete transformer substations are used both in industrial enterprises and in public utility networks of settlements. Their main advantage is considered to be reliability in operation and relative cheapness. KTP cost two, and sometimes three times cheaper than conventional transformer stations. This electrical equipment is produced according to a special technology with strict observance of the standards stipulated by GOSTs. Therefore, if necessary, such a substation can be selected absolutely for any line.

Types of PTS

At the place of installation, complete transformer substations are classified into KTP and KTPN proper. Blocks of the first type are installed indoors. Such substations are usually used in production. KTPN are more often used in utility networks. The dimensions of the substation of both types may be different. A foundation is being laid for large installations.

KTP substation can have different capacity and purpose. On this basis, such equipment is divided into the following categories:

1. CTP withtransformers with power from 25 to 400 kW. Such stations are installed outside.
2. PTS for industrial enterprises. This option is equipped with transformers with power from 160 to 250 kW.
3. Prefabricated PTS.

4. KTP for special purposes. Such structures can be used in mines, construction sites, quarries, etc. Their design includes such an element as a sled for movement.

According to the method of assembly, stations of this type are divided into mast, ground and built-in. The first type is installed on vertical supports. Ground stations can be assembled in metal, concrete or sandwich cases.

CTP production plants

Production of KTP substations is carried out at enterprises, the structure of which includes:

1. Metalworking shop.
2. Assembly shop.
3. Low and medium voltage shop. There is a tire processing, electrical installation, adjustment and testing section.

Main structural elements of PTS

The KTP substation is assembled in production using the following basic elements:

• high voltage input devices;
• oil or dry power transformer;
• distribution cabinet for voltage tapping.

The body of the substation, depending on the purpose and performance group, can be made of metal, concreteor sandwich blocks.

Modern transformer substations KTP: production

The manufacture of this type of equipment includes several main steps. The assembly of the most popular PTS in a steel case begins in the metalworking shop. For their manufacture, the highest quality material is used. Body parts are usually made on special machines by bending and stamping. The blanks obtained in this way are first treated with special anti-corrosion compounds. Then they are dyed. In this case, powder agents are usually used. Such dyes are the most resistant to negative environmental factors.

Production of KTP substations continues in the assembly shop. Here, by riveting, all blanks are connected into a finished body. Finally, all elements of the latter are assembled in the medium and low voltage workshop. Here, at the tire processing site, elements of the tire system are manufactured using a special technology. Further, all the necessary communication equipment is installed in the case. This operation is carried out at the electrical installation site. Then the assembly of all automation and relay protection is carried out.

At the final stage, the finished station arrives at the setup site. Here it is checked for operability and compliance with the standards stipulated by GOST.

Production of stations in concrete shell

KTP complete transformer substations of this type are manufactured according toother technology. In this case, special molding installations are used at the first stage. They are necessary for pouring the concrete shell of the substation. In the manufacture of the latter, frame reinforcement of the appropriate design is used. A hardened concrete block with technological holes is treated with special means that increase its resistance to adverse environmental factors. The cable floor of the resulting building is waterproofed.

Electrical equipment inside the block is installed in the same workshop. It comes from a section of low and medium voltage. After its installation, as in the first case, the equipment is tested and adjusted.

Installation of PTS

The installation of stations of this type is usually carried out by specialists from the same enterprise where they were manufactured. The site is carefully prepared before installation. Next, markings are made for the base of the station - the foundation or supporting channels. A small KTP substation can be delivered to the installation site already assembled. Large equipment of this type is brought in parts - in blocks. They are already assembled at the installation site.

After the foundation is erected, the actual installation of the station begins. Cabinets are lifted using a truck crane. In the absence of such equipment, special rollers made of thick steel pipes are used. To lift switchgears, inverter slings are used, fixed at the ends of the supporting channels.

Afterthe KTP substation will be installed on the base, proceed to connect the electrical equipment. This stage consists of such operations as connecting transformer leads to switchgear, assembling overhead and cable lines, etc.

After the completion of these works, the reliability of all bolted connections, the serviceability of mechanical interlocks, devices and devices are checked without fail. The insulation is also carefully inspected for possible damage.

Installation of complete transformer substations KTP from several blocks

In this case, the installation is carried out approximately according to the same method. However, when mounting PTS, consisting of several main parts, among other things, the assembly order of the blocks should be observed. The first set the extreme. Next, the blocks are mounted one by one. Before lifting, the plugs are removed from each of them, covering the ends of the tires that go out. After installing the bus blocks, the grounding systems are welded to the supporting channels.

Network connection features

The substation KTP can have a radial or main power circuit. In the first case, when connecting according to the block-line-transformer principle, it is allowed to use a blind connection with a TM. If the power supply circuit at the station is main, a UVN cabinet is preliminarily installed. With a transformer power of 1000-1200 kW, 2-3 KTPs are usually connected to one line. If this value is less, 3-4 stations are used.

Rules to follow

Installation in progresssubstation KTP must comply with the following standards:

• The station can be installed at an altitude of no more than 1000 m above sea level.
• Ambient temperature must comply with the regulations for this particular model. This parameter is indicated in the instructions (usually from -40 to +40 gr.).
• There must be no explosive or chemically active substances in the immediate vicinity of the station.
• Installed equipment must not be subjected to shock, shock or vibration.

Features of operation

The main equipment that requires periodic maintenance in the substation is the switchboard equipment and the power transformer itself. When operating the PTS, the following standards should be observed:

• Load current should not exceed the indicators specified in the instructions. In a station with two transformers, for example, it should not be higher than 80% of the nominal value.
• It is necessary to periodically check the normal circulation of oil through the filter. The test is performed by the degree of heating of the upper part of the casing.
• Oxide film and sludge from the contact system should be removed at least once a year.

If all technical conditions are met during the manufacture, installation and maintenance of the substation, it will subsequently work smoothly and for a long time. Otherwise, havea management company or a manufacturing enterprise will definitely have all sorts of problems. Therefore, you should choose a PTS manufacturer carefully, focusing primarily on the reputation of companies offering such services.