2024 Author: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-01-17 18:37
Since 2015, the pension is calculated according to a new formula. Persons with 30 or more accumulated points will be eligible for payment. This condition affects the rights of people who have little experience. Read more about the new formula below.
Principle
Previously, two conditions were required to calculate benefits:
- setting age (60 for men, 55 for women);
- presence of seniority (in different years from 5 to 25 years).
The size of the pension depended on the length of service and level of income. From 2001 to 2014, insurance premiums also mattered. They usually amounted to 14-16% of monthly income. Since 2015, a new element has appeared - an individual pension coefficient. This is the sum of points for the years of work. To receive benefits, you must have worked for a certain number of years at a salary level at which the amount of contributions paid would exceed the legal level.
The essence of the new settlement system is that the pension rights accumulated over the working periodconverted into points. Based on their sum, the amount of the benefit is then calculated. To determine the accumulated IPC, you need to divide the amount of assessed contributions by the standard - the product of the maximum tariff and the maximum taxable salary.
If a person receives 568 thousand rubles a year, then he accumulates the maximum 10 points. The maximum salary and coefficients change annually. By 2025, when the program is fully launched, these two indicators will increase significantly. By this time, only persons who have accumulated 30 or more points will be able to receive the accumulated part of the pension. For 2015, the old-age payment is assigned if there are 6.6 points. The indicator will increase by 2, 4 annually.
How the new program works
Most people started working in the USSR. They expect to take a well-deserved vacation soon. The amount of their benefit will also depend on the accumulated individual pension coefficients (points). For the period of work until 2001, the amount of the insurance pension will be determined, which will then be recalculated into coefficients.
Example
Petrov worked as an engineer. As of December 31, 2014, he was en titled to a pension in the amount of 10,030 rubles, which consists of a one-time payment (3,935 rubles) and insurance - 6,095 rubles. What is his IRR for 2015?
IPC=6095: 64, 1=95.
64, 1 rub. - valuation of one coefficient since 2015
To receive the average benefit, you mustaccumulate at least 100 points. The individual pension coefficient is of great importance. How to calculate the amount of benefits for working persons?
PKI=PKI before 2015 + PKI after 2015
The second indicator is calculated as the sum of coefficients for each reporting period:
- Insurance pension=IPC × Points value.
- Benefit=Fixed payment + Insurance pension.
Factors
The value of the individual pension coefficient depends on:
- income ceiling for contributions;
- point value indexed to inflation.
In 2015, the maximum salary with which contributions were paid was 711 thousand rubles. From a larger amount, deductions are not made. At a rate of 16%, 113.76 thousand rubles will go to the state budget. Let's calculate the maximum individual pension coefficient.
Example
Petrov continues to work for a salary of 25 thousand rubles. 48 thousand rubles are annually deducted from this amount. in PF. How to calculate the individual pension coefficient for 2015?
(48 000: 11 3760) x 10=4, 22.
Petrov may ask for the recalculation of the listed contributions. But even in this case, only 1.8 units will be taken into account.
Number of points required in 2015
For clarity, we will use the table.
| Salary, thousand rubles | The amount of accumulated points taken into account when calculating the pension (at a rate of 16%) |
| 12 | 2, 03 |
| 18 | 3, 04 |
| 25 | 4, 22 |
| 35 | 5, 91 |
| 40 | 6, 75 |
| 44 or more | 7, 39 |
The annual individual pension coefficient is the number of points earned in 12 months, or those periods that are included in the length of service. The higher the salary, the higher the IPC. The law establishes a 6-year transition period during which conditions will gradually tighten.
Individual pension coefficient is the sum of points that are accrued not only for the period of work, but also in the case of certain types of "downtime".
| Period | IPK for 1 year | Years |
| Serving in the army (Ministry of Internal Affairs, etc.) | 1.8 | Unlimited |
| Caring for the Elderly | ||
| Period of unemployment for the wives of Consulate employees | Up to 5 years | |
| Baby care | Up to 1.5 years | |
| Second baby care | 3, 6 | |
| Care of the third andwith each subsequent child | 5, 4 |
The amount of accumulated and accounted indicators in 2016 and beyond can be viewed on the Pension Fund website. Even with the maximum accumulated IPC, 7.83 points in 2016 and 8.26 in 2017 are taken into account.
Example
Top manager has been working since 2010 on an annual salary of 100 thousand rubles. For 5 years of experience, he annually earned 10 points. He received 20 more from 2015 to 2017. The amount of accumulated IPC: 7, 39 + 7, 83 + 8, 26=23, 48. According to the law, a minimum of 15 years of experience is required. In the next 7 years, the employee will accumulate another 77.4 points. In total, 107.44 points are taken into account. At current prices, the pension of a top manager will be the same as that of a working pensioner from the previous example.
The number of IPCs is recalculated annually. This indicator depends on the level of salaries and marginal deductions, which grow much faster. In 2015, they increased by 14%, and the average salary - by 9%. Therefore, you should not rely on state benefits in old age, but think about other ways to accumulate a pension.
New conditions
The individual pension coefficient is a kind of assessment of a person's work activity in points. Each year, the government sets the value of 1 point, indexing it to rising prices. The labor pension consists of a fixed payment and a part that depends on the IPC. The cost of 1 coefficient on 2016-01-01 is 74.27 rubles. The amount of the fixed payment is 4558.93 rubles. To receive assistance in2016, a person should:
- Reach a certain age.
- Have insurance experience of 6 years.
- Accumulate 6, 6 points.
If at least one of the conditions is not met, then a person has the right to receive only a social pension.
Advantages and disadvantages
The main dissatisfaction of experts is that it will be possible to determine the size of the future payment only before retirement. This amount will be calculated as the product of the accumulated IPC by their value in the year the payment was made. The latter indicator is calculated by dividing the planned PF income by the sum of accumulated points of all pensioners.
Actually, the valuation of the individual pension coefficient (IPC) of the insured person will depend on the income of the PF. This will minimize the risk of deficiency. At the same time, experts argue that the calculation method is not fixed by law.
The second problem is that the Russians still do not perceive the new reform in a meaningful way. In developed countries, a lot of time is devoted to explaining all the nuances to the population.
The minimum experience is gradually increasing (by 12 months annually). By 2024, it will be 15 years. With such experience, 95% of the population apply to the Pension Fund.
Total benefit payable is calculated as follows:
Pension \u003d (FV x K) + (IPK x K) x ST, where:
- FV - defined benefit;
- IPK - accumulated points;
- K - late exit bonusretire;
- ST – unit cost of IPC.
Differentiation of settlements
The issue of increasing the retirement age has been repeatedly raised. Supporters argue their point of view by the need to reduce the PF deficit. Opponents argue that for a later retirement, it is necessary that the population had a decent standard of living. To stimulate the population, the state sets high IPC and increasing coefficients for a fixed payment. It is also planned to revise the list of professions whose representatives will have access to early retirement, working conditions (increased IPC will be established for the harmful class) and the amount of insurance premiums (the more dangerous the class of work, the higher the tariff). This will balance the system and provide the Pension Fund with sources of early payments.
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