Piezoelectric sensor: description, acceleration, principle of operation and features

2024 Author: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 10:16

To obtain data on the temperature or pressure of the atmospheric environment, special sensors of the piezoelectric type are used. The main parameters of the devices include not only the operating frequency, but conductivity, as well as resistance. The standard modification consists of a membrane surrounded by quartz plates. The body is mainly made of metal discs. To connect to the measuring equipment, the leads are used, which are connected to the thrust bearing.

How the element works

There are various piezoelectric sensors. The principle of operation of the elements is based on changing the capacity of the membrane. Quartz plates in this case play the role of conductors. For frequency conversion, the models use a shielded plate. The signal is transmitted to the membrane through the thrust bearing. The difference of discharges is fixed in measuring instruments. Through the outputs on the sensors, data can be processed and stored.

Sensor Types

Force, pressure, vibration and acceleration sensors are distinguished by purpose. There are also modifications for measuring temperature. Morethe division of modifications occurs by frequency. Models up to 3 Hz are compact in size. Modifications with high conductivity are able to work in conditions of high humidity.

Force Sensors

Piezoelectric force sensors have recently been actively involved in laboratory research. They are characterized by high accuracy and good conductivity. However, it is important to note that the operating frequency in this case is at 4 Hz.

Many modifications are made with conventional contact membranes. It is also worth noting that wired devices with quartz plates are presented in stores. The conductivity index for such sensors is approximately 5 microns. Many modifications are allowed to be used in conditions of high humidity. The capacitance of the conductors in this case is 55 pF. There are no models for this type of sensor.

Pressure sensors

Piezoelectric pressure transducers are produced with different types of diaphragms. If you believe the reviews of experts, then contact elements are considered the most popular devices, their conductivity index is 8 microns. In this case, the operating frequency reaches a maximum of 5 Hz. Contact membranes in sensors are quite rare. Quartz plates are installed through the leads. The capacitance of the conductors is on average 120 pF.

Special attention to the modifications deserve compact bushings. As a rule, they are applied in the shielded type. For measuring equipment, sensors of this typefit great. Quite often they are connected to oscilloscopes. The thrust bearings of the modifications are of a transitional type. Some models boast high measurement accuracy.

Features of temperature sensors

Piezoelectric temperature sensors operate on low-resistance modules. If you believe the reviews of experts, then the membranes are mainly used of the contact type, and adapters for them are used with low conductivity. Quartz plates are able to work in conditions of high humidity. If we talk about the shortcomings, it is important to note that the models are produced mainly without thrust bearings. Instead, special insulating films are installed on the membranes. The dielectric constant is around 50%.

Acceleration sensors

Piezoelectric acceleration sensor is quite often used in the industry. The outputs of the models are connected through membranes. Some devices are manufactured specifically for drive units. Membranes in this case are installed contact type. It is also worth noting that there are items in stores that work on polished plates.

Threads are mainly used in compact sizes. The insulation of the models is of high quality. Metal linings are quite rare. It should also be noted that there are devices that are capable of operating at a frequency of 3 Hz. Their conductivity index, as a rule, does not exceed 44 microns. The capacitance of conductors for models of this type is around 40 pF.

Elements of VM-6360 series

The sensors of the presented series are able to determine the ambient temperature very quickly. If you believe the opinion of experts, then their conductivity is quite high. Among the shortcomings, it is worth noting the low resistance at the conclusions. Also, experts often point to a module that operates at a frequency of 3 Hz. Thus, the measurement accuracy of the modification is not very high. The membrane in this case is used only one. The conclusions are connected to it through a thrust bearing. If you believe the opinion of experts, then problems with modulation are not terrible for this sensor. Quartz plates are firmly installed.

Arduino Sensor Features

Arduino is a piezoelectric vibration sensor that can operate in different climatic conditions. The element has only one membrane. In this case, the plates are installed with two linings. According to experts, their conductivity is quite high. The dielectric constant of the plates is 55 microns.

Many experts say that the sensor has a high measurement accuracy. If we talk about the minuses, then experts point to a low resistance parameter in the membrane. Due to this, there are problems with signal transmission. Leakage of charges to this sensor is not terrible. The operating frequency is maintained at 5Hz.

Description of elements of the Master 300 CT series

The specified piezoelectric sensor is required for accurate pressure detection. The module in the system is of the wave type. Many experts say that the model can be used in the environmentwith humidity not more than 55%. The disc of the modification is of a spherical type.

It is also worth noting that the working temperature of the element is a maximum of 45 degrees. The bearing is highly conductive. However, it has certain problems with permeability. Connection to measuring instruments occurs through two outputs.

Elements of the Master 330 CT series

These are high-quality and high-precision piezoelectric sensors. The principle of operation of the element is based on changing the bit depth. Experts believe that the modification has a high-quality wired output. The membrane in this case is used with quartz plates.

The dielectric constant is at 3%. The minimum frequency is maintained at 3 Hz. This sensor does not have a protection system, but isolation is provided. It is also worth noting that the modification has only one lining, which is made of copper.

Features of Master 350 CT sensors

The specified piezoelectric sensor is made to determine the temperature in aggressive environments. Many experts point to a high output impedance parameter. In this case, the module is used of a contact type, and its insulation is of the third class. In total, the device has two quartz plates. Their conductivity index is 4 microns. The operating frequency is typically 3 Hz. This modification does not have a spherical heel. The capacitance of semiconductors is 40 pF.

Description of elements of the Master 380 CT series

This piezoelectric transducer excels in rapidly transmitting positive potential. It is also worth noting that the model uses only one contact type module. Many experts say that the model is allowed to be used in an environment of high humidity. However, the sensor also has disadvantages. First of all, it is worth mentioning the low dielectric constant. Resistance problems are rare.

The thrust pad is not capable of operating at 3 Hz. The manufacturer does not provide a protection system for the modification, and the insulation is of the second class. Connection to the measuring equipment is carried out through two outputs. The heel of the spherical type is capable of operating at a frequency of 5 Hz. Transferring the negative potential does not take long.

Elements of the MLH200 series

This piezoelectric sensor can quickly measure the ambient pressure. If we talk about the features of the modification, it is important to note a good parameter of the output resistance. The dielectric constant of the element is only 40%. The spherical type heel is installed together with the contact membrane.

It is also worth noting that the model is able to quickly transmit positive potential. The modification does not have a protection system, and the insulation is of the third class. Connection to the measuring equipment can be carried out through two outputs. The sleeve of the modification is connected to quartz plates. It is also worth notingthat the capacitance of semiconductors is 30 pF.

Features of MLH220 sensors

The specified piezoelectric vibration sensor is produced with two contact diaphragms. In this case, quartz plates are used with increased permeability. The operating frequency of the modification is at the level of 4 Hz. If you believe the opinion of experts, then the case is able to withstand heavy loads. It is also worth noting that the resistance at the output contacts is approximately 30 ohms. Unfortunately, the element does not have a protection system.

However, the factory installed insulation is first class. The shielded sleeve in this case is fixed on the membrane. Many experts say that the model boasts a fast transfer of positive potential. It is also worth noting that the model has a special module that is responsible for signal conductivity. The capacitance of the conductor is 50 microns. In this case, the dielectric constant of the element is at least 60%. The charge leakage of the presented sensor is not terrible.

Description of MLH255 series items

This sensor (piezoelectric, intrinsically safe) is made with a single adapter diaphragm, which has a very high negative resistance parameter. Humidity is not often a problem, and class 3 insulation is used. In total, the sensor has three quartz plates.

It is also worth noting that the model has good conductivity onoutput. Metal linings under the membrane are not provided by the manufacturer. A high-quality conductor deserves special attention, the capacitance of which is 4 pF. The element does not have a protection system. At the same time, the transmission rate of the negative potential leaves much to be desired.

Elements of the MLH265 series

The sensor of the presented series is made with two membranes, which have a conductivity of 4 microns. Quartz conductors are capable of operating at a humidity of 55%. In this case, the maximum operating temperature is 40 degrees. This sensor does not have a protection system, and the insulation is of the second class. The minimum frequency of the element is maintained at 5 Hz.