2024 Author: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 10:16
Customs payments are a fairly large revenue part of the state budget. They make up more than thirty percent of all receipts. Russian legislation establishes a certain mechanism for calculating such payments and the procedure for their payment.
What are customs duties for?
Payments that occur when crossing the state border with one or another product are called customs. They are the main economic regulator of trade. Such a tool stimulates foreign trade relations and is a kind of limiter on the cost of products in a competitive environment.
Customs payments can be a deterrent in the implementation of a certain economic policy of the state. Duties apply to both imported goods (imports) and exported products (exports). Consider each group separately.
The role and purpose of import duties
To maintain a certain balance of the population's solvency, as well as to regulate the amount of imported goods, the state wasimport duties are set. It is easy to guess that the payment of customs duties increases the final cost of production. But such a fact is not always negative.
Due to the increase in the price of imported goods, the domestic market and domestic producers are stimulated. The competitiveness of enterprises is greatly increased. And as a result, the consumer receives a high-quality product of its own production at an affordable price. This is the goal pursued by economists when creating such fees. In other words, import duties protect the domestic market and replenish the state treasury.
What is the export duty for?
The types of customs payments that are paid when exporting goods outside the state border are called export duties. In the global economy, such measures are not very popular. Basically, the collection of export payments is carried out by states that control a certain resource. With the help of such a tax, the volume of sales is leveled. In addition, the phenomenon of shortage is excluded.
Sometimes world prices for a certain commodity become more attractive than domestic ones, and producers, in order to obtain the greatest profit, try to export their products in unlimited quantities. Customs payments and taxes in this case play a regulatory role.
Where do customs duty rates come from?
Goods subject to customsaccruals are listed in a systematic list. Each type has its own nomenclature code and the corresponding border tax rate. From where the goods came from, the main collection rate changes.
For example, depending on the trade and political relations between countries, customs payments may be preferential or overpriced. If the origin of the goods is not determined, then the tax is paid at a double rate. And for underdeveloped countries, there may be no customs duty at all. These types of payments are called preferential.
Special and seasonal fees
A number of export goods is seasonal. For such types of products, special customs payments are provided. Their validity period is limited to six months. Such a period is most interesting for suppliers of agricultural products, since the main tariff is not valid at this moment. This measure is also regulatory. It helps to maintain the balance of the domestic market. Types of customs payments with special status are divided into three groups:
- Anti-dumping taxes. They are used to prevent the import of goods at too low a price. This technique is often used by countries to promote their products to foreign markets, as well as for advertising purposes.
- Special types of customs payments. They are introduced in case of a threat to domestic producers in connection with large quantities of imported goods. Also, such sanctions can be introduced as a response to the discriminatory actions of other states.
- Compensatory customs payments. Applicable in casewhen subsidized funds were used in the production of products.
Who is exempt from duty?
Goods of a humanitarian or gratuitous nature are completely exempt from border payments. Such products can be imported through interstate relations. Equipment and devices for military personnel, scientific literature and book publications of a certain historical value, Russian and foreign currency are also exempt from payments. All these benefits are enshrined in law and have a strictly limited list.
Recommended:
Customs fees and customs duties: types, description, calculation and accounting procedure
What is this? Import and export groups. Classification by purpose of collection, objects of taxation, method of calculation, nature and state of origin. What is special duty? How are these payments calculated?
Customs services are The system, management and types of customs services
Services related to foreign economic activity are divided into two types: public and private. Public services are the prerogative of the Federal Customs Service. Private companies turn out to be different companies depending on the profile
What role do the company's assets play in the formation of the company's profit
Personal property of a company, which is represented in tangible, monetary or intangible terms, is called an asset. Depending on the sources of formation, such objects have different liquidity. Values purchased with equity are considered net assets, while borrowed funds are usually used to acquire gross assets
Participants in the securities market and the role they play
The most important structure of the financial category of the securities market is stock exchanges and their participants. These are individuals, legal entities and organizations that sell and buy property documents. They also make a turnover and perform settlement service
What role do banks play for a pensioner in the modern world?
In modern society, banks for the pensioner have become a frequent place to visit. An increasing number of older people apply there for loans or open deposits there. That is why banks themselves began to adapt to pensioners, issuing separate deposit and loan products for this segment of the population
