2024 Author: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 10:16
The speci alty "Lawyer" is one of the most popular both in our country and abroad. The fact is that it is simply not realistic for an ordinary person to figure out the variety of laws and regulations on their own, so you have to use the services of those who know their subtleties. Who are lawyers and what do they do?
Terminology and some historical facts
There are many answers to the question of who are lawyers. In particular, this word is usually called:
- people with appropriate education;
- legal scholars involved in the study of law;
- professional practitioners in the field.
It is believed that the first lawyers were the ancient Greek sophists, who, for a fee, prepared citizens to speak in court. However, they relied more on logic than on laws, and helped clients to present their claim or defend themselves and their property with arguments that were impossiblerefute. But lawyers in the modern sense appeared in ancient Rome. At first they gave advice and wrote laws concerning religious matters, and later they began to deal with earthly affairs.
Speci alties
Today, the general name "lawyer" means all those who are engaged in the implementation of a wide variety of professional activities in this field. These are judges, and investigators, and lawyers, and legal consultants, and notaries, and prosecutors. The people of each of these speci alties have their own duties and field of activity.
Who are international lawyers
If everything is more or less clear with judges, prosecutors and lawyers, then some speci alties are familiar to most people only by hearsay. For example, few people know who are lawyers in the field of international law, or rather, what they do. Mostly, such specialists are needed in government departments and companies that have clients or carry out commercial or other activities abroad.
Their responsibilities include the development and legal expertise of international treaties, negotiating with foreign partners and counterparties, as well as legal support for various transactions. They are responsible for monitoring and analyzing the changes that are taking place in Russian and foreign legislation and are responsible for conducting court cases in international arbitration jurisdictions and foreign competent authorities.
Who are legal consultants
As already mentioned, not everyone canboast of a thorough knowledge of laws and legislative acts, especially since they are constantly subject to changes and additions that are difficult to keep track of. In such cases, the services of legal consultants who specialize in resolving issues in a particular area may be needed.
Lawyer
When asked who lawyers are, you can most often hear that they are lawyers.
Today, these professionals help in divorce proceedings, protect against criminal charges, participate in the consideration of accident cases, help citizens or organizations receive compensation for physical and moral damage, etc.
Notaries
The need for specialists capable of compiling legal acts and judicial papers for a fee arose in ancient Rome. And even at that time their services were under the control of the state. Today in Russia, a citizen of the Russian Federation who has a higher legal education and meets certain requirements regarding length of service and the availability of an appropriate license can be appointed to the position of a notary. In addition, he must pass a special exam and take an oath.
Prosecutors
Unlike lawyers, who may practice privately, prosecutors, like judges, are in the public service.
In our country, the prosecutor:
- participates in the consideration of civil and criminal cases by the courts;
- protests sentences, rulings and otherscourt decisions, as well as acts issued by various bodies and officials, in case they contradict the law;
- oversees the implementation of laws;
- initiates proceedings on administrative offenses;
- deals with complaints and appeals from citizens.
Judge
This is a person who is constitutionally empowered to administer justice.
Responsibilities include:
- be independent and obey only the Constitution of the Russian Federation and other legislative acts;
- avoid any action that could negatively affect the authority of the judiciary;
- observe impartiality and not allow third parties to influence their professional activities, regardless of their positions and personal relationships.
They are forbidden:
- to fill other government positions;
- do business or do any other work except for scientific, teaching and creative work;
- belong to certain political parties, as well as publicly express their attitude towards them;
- receive rewards for actions related to the exercise of their powers as a judge, which are not provided for by the laws of our country;
- have another citizenship, except for the citizenship of the Russian Federation.
Now you know who lawyers are and what they do, and you candecide whether you should choose this particular profession or if you want to do something completely different.
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