Ox-inseminator (producer). Keeping and feeding breeding bulls

2024 Author: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 10:16

A variety of breeds of bulls and cows are bred on farms. In order to maintain the best qualities of cattle in terms of productivity, it is imperative to perform breeding work. It is especially important to provide the best possible care for inseminating bulls. First of all, animals must receive high-quality feed. The farm should also be properly equipped.

Basic rules for selecting bulls

Actually, selection work itself can be carried out in two ways: by lines and by families. In the first case, the breed is improved by using the best bulls, called sires. Families are created from queens with the best performance. When growing cattle, the first method is most often used. When selecting sires, farmers consider factors such as:

• Tribal qualities of parents. For example, a mother cow must be a thoroughbred of at least 4 generations and give milk at least 150% of the standards of this particular breed. At the same time, the bull-inseminator can only be selected from a father who has a breeding category for the milk yield of At daughters and a good conformation,rated at least 9 points.

• Intensity and features of development. The control is carried out by weighing at the time of birth, when transferred to the calf, and then monthly. At 12 months booting is performed. When checking, special attention is paid to the exterior. A breeding bull must have a strong constitution and a harmonious physique.

• The quality of offspring. Checking for this indicator is carried out at 12 months. Dozens of cows are inseminated with bull sperm. If fertilization occurs in less than 50% of the queens, the animal is disqualified. Dairy daughters of a bull are evaluated for quality at 12-18 months. The breeding value of the inseminator is determined by the difference in the productivity of his daughters and their peers.

Of course, without creating good conditions for sires, it is simply impossible to achieve any significant results in breeding work. First of all, a suitable diet should be developed for animals. In addition to the actual equipment of the farm with feeders and drinkers, it is also worth taking care of ensuring the safety of personnel and animals.

What should be the barn

The animals are usually kept in a specially designated stall. In addition, each bull-inseminator must have an individual fenced area. The room itself should be clean, spacious and bright. Ventilation is also mandatory.

It is recommended to use the strongest possible leash for bulls. These animals are usually very powerful and strong. That's whya breeding bull is tied, most often using a chain, not a rope. The length of the latter should be such that the animal can move freely around the machine and lie down. In the neck area, a fabric or leather belt is placed under the metal. There should not be any objects in the pen that the animal could get hurt on.

The inseminator bull is often not only a powerful, but also quite an aggressive animal. Some individuals have a habit of throwing themselves at others, including people. Therefore, in the stall, on the way to the place of semen collection, etc., special safety islands are set up for the farm staff.

Bullwalking

The cattle farm, which contains producers, must be equipped with a paddock. The latter is settled in the immediate vicinity of the stall. Of course, the paddock should be fenced using the strongest possible materials. According to the regulations, it is possible to release bulls into the street only if there is a stick-carrier and a leash. The first is fixed in the nasal ring of the animal. It is not recommended to walk producers at the same time as cows or calves.

Feeding Features

Normally, any sire will develop only if the most balanced diet is developed. It has been observed that if inseminators do not receive enough feed or eat too monotonously, their sperm quality deteriorates markedly. At the same time, animals return to normal no less than two months after the situation is corrected.

Actually, the diet itself is developed taking into account the breed of the animal, its age, sexual load in this particular period of time, weight. Three types of feeding are most commonly used on farms:

• in a non-random period;
• at medium load (1 cage per week);
• with increased load (2-3 cages per week).

According to the regulations, in the non-occasional period, bulls require feed, the energy value of which is 0.8-1.1 ECU, with an average load - 1.3-0.9 ECU, with a high load - 1.6-1.1 ECU.

Of course, thoroughbred bulls should not overeat. Obesity can lead to impaired function of the accessory sex glands and, as a result, to impotence. In addition, in too fat bulls, due to inactivity, the ligaments of the hind limbs often weaken. As a result, they are subsequently extremely reluctant to mate.

Animal Diet

The best results in breeding work can be achieved by keeping sires on feed that meets the requirements of the first class. It is not recommended to give animals bulky or watery and at the same time low-nutrient feeds, for example, such as chaff, straw, meal, brewer's grains, etc.

It is also desirable to exclude the green mass of cruciferous from the diet of bulls. This herb contains substances that can interfere with iodine metabolism in the body and thyroid function.

Usually, such animals are fed legumes and cereals, goodleafy hay. The green mass in the summer is slightly dried before being placed in the feeders. Be sure to also give root vegetables with dietary properties. Tubers are rarely fed because they often contain high amounts of nitrates. As concentrates, each bull-inseminator should receive compound feed (40-50% nutritionally).

When raising such animals, a routine is mandatory. Bulls are fed at least three times a day. At the same time, about 70% of the daily dose is given at noon. The rest is evenly distributed for morning and evening feeding.

Supplements

In addition to concentrated, coarse and succulent feed, each sire should receive various vitamins and microelements. If these additives are neglected, it will be impossible to achieve good breeding results. For each feed unit, according to the regulations, there should be 60-70 mg of carotene and about 35 g of vitamin E.

From trace elements, any breed of bulls should receive sufficient amounts of phosphorus, calcium, sodium and magnesium. The former plays an important role in the process of spermatogenesis. Separately, phosphorus supplements are rarely given to animals. The fact is that this element is found in fairly large quantities in concentrated feed. The lack of sodium is replenished with table s alt. Usually, the content of such trace elements as iron, zinc, cob alt, iodine, copper and manganese is normalized in the diets of sires.

Conductcases

In farms, both natural mating and artificial insemination of cows can be used. In the first case, machines specially designated for this purpose are used. Equip them in the room where the bulls are. Cows are brought in no earlier than two hours after feeding. Mating should take place under the supervision of an experienced cattleman. The bull is preliminarily given a five-minute exposure. This helps to increase the amount of sperm and improve its quality.

Artificial insemination is carried out by specially trained specialists after detecting heat in heifers. Bull semen is pre-selected and stored in special sealed containers in liquid nitrogen.

Conclusion

Good results in breeding work can only be achieved if the cattle farm where the bulls are kept is well equipped, and at the same time its owners feed the animals responsibly. Proper care and comfortable living conditions for producers will provide the best result in terms of replenishing the herd, preserving and improving the breed.