2024 Author: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 10:16
Today globalization penetrates into all spheres of public life. After the end of World War II, international organizations began to be actively created to promote cooperation between countries and contribute to the settlement of conflicts. So, in 1957, the international organization IAEA was created, which aimed to control nuclear energy.
IAEA Key Features
The IAEA is an international intergovernmental organization aimed at developing interstate collaboration on the safe use of nuclear energy. This structure was created within the framework of the United Nations, but subsequently began to acquire an increasingly independent status.
The IAEA is headquartered in Vienna. In addition to it, the named organization has local branches in other countries of the world. So, its regional branches are located in Canada, Switzerland (in Geneva), the USA (New York) and Japan (Tokyo). However, the main meetings and meetings are held at the IAEA headquarters in the Austrian capital.
When you see the given abbreviation, the question immediately arises aboutdecoding by the IAEA. The full name of the organization reads as the International Atomic Energy Agency. The English version of this abbreviation looks like IAEA. And the IAEA transcript in English - International Atomic Energy Agency.
In 2005, the IAEA was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize, which amounted to 10 million SEK.
Because the named organization is a specialized agency of the UN, there are 6 main languages in which meetings are held and documents are created here. Among them are English, French, Spanish, Arabic, Chinese and Russian.
The purpose and main functions of the IAEA organization
The main goal of the IAEA is to prevent the use of atomic energy in predatory interests. The main function of the agency is to encourage the development of different countries of the world on the use of nuclear potential for peaceful, civil purposes. Also, the IAEA is an intermediary between member-participants in the exchange of theoretical and practical materials. The legislative function of the International Atomic Energy Agency is to develop basic safety and he alth standards. The represented body is also authorized to prevent the use of nuclear potential for military purposes.
During the second half of the 20th century, there was an active process of reducing nuclear potential. The Soviet Union and the United States sought to achieve parity. However, with the collapse of the USSR, the problem of nuclear weapons again became relevant. Today, events are unfolding in the geopolitical arena that can plunge the world intonuclear war. And the IAEA, as an international organization, is trying its best to prevent the unleashing of a nuclear catastrophe.
Organizational structure of an international organization
The governing structure of the IAEA is the General Conference, whose members are all members of the organization, and the Governing Council, consisting of 35 states. The structure also includes the Secretariat, which is headed by the Director General.
Today, 168 countries of the world are members of the organization. And the General Conference convenes annually.
IAEA funding
The financial basis of the IAEA is the regular budget and voluntary contributions. The total amount of funds averages about 330 million euros annually. The participating countries are trying to actively invest financial resources in the development of this organization.
Nuclear regulation activities
The creation of nuclear weapons has become a threat to humanity. In this regard, an international structure was needed to control its non-proliferation. On November 24, 1969, the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT) was ratified as part of the activities of the IAEA.
According to the document, a country is considered the owner of nuclear weapons if it produced them before 1967. The owners of nuclear potential have no right to transfer it to other countries. The five states that possessed weapons of nuclear origin (Great Britain, USA, USSR, France and China) tookobligation not to direct it against other states.
A special clause of the treaty is the desire to reduce, and eventually to completely eliminate the nuclear potential in the world.
NPT is an example of cooperation and interaction between countries. However, not everyone agreed to sign this agreement. Israel, India and Pakistan refused to join the international treaty. Many believe that Israel has a nuclear capability, and this, in turn, is prohibited by the NPT. The DPRK signed the treaty and subsequently withdrew its signature. This may also indicate the presence of nuclear weapons in the country.
IAEA: liquidation of the Chernobyl accident
In April 1986, an emergency happened in the USSR - an explosion occurred at the nuclear power plant in Chernobyl. The IAEA, as an international organization, could not stand aside.
With her efforts, financial and material resources were collected, which were sent to the Soviet Union to eliminate the consequences of a terrible catastrophe. Employees of the IAEA carried out all kinds of examinations to identify the causes of the explosion at the power plant. To date, Chernobyl remains in the area of attention of the IAEA. Expeditions are regularly conducted to the emergency site, where experts check the condition of the sarcophagus, which was built at the site of the accident in 1986.
Chernobyl disaster was the reason for the development of recommendations in case of man-made accidents.
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