Construction of pigsties for 100 or 50 pigs

2024 Author: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 10:16

Pig breeding is quite profitable, but also troublesome. The farmer, among other things, should think about building a suitable animal shelter. In most cases, at first, novice entrepreneurs acquire no more than 50-100 heads of piglets. Building a pigsty for so many animals is not too difficult. At the same time, construction costs pay off pretty quickly.

Where to build a pigsty?

According to regulations, the construction of pigsties is allowed no closer than 15 meters from residential buildings. But it is better, of course, to build this structure even further. After all, the smell of a pigsty, even regularly cleaned, can be very strong. Among other things, when choosing a place for the construction of such a destination, it is worth taking into account the following factors:

• The pigsty should be located on a hill.
• You can not build such structures nearreservoirs.
• There should be convenient access to the pigsty.

Of course, such a structure should also be built near the power line. Also, there should be enough space next to the pigsty to install a septic tank for manure and drill wells for water supply.

Planning features

The construction of pigsties should be carried out with a preliminary drafting of the project. When developing such a document, first of all, it is necessary to take into account the peculiarities of keeping this particular variety of farm animals. If the farmer intends to raise pigs not only for meat, but also for the purpose of selling thoroughbred producers, the facility will have to be divided into two parts - breeding and fattening. In the first, it is necessary to equip places for mating and queens with piglets. Animal stalls and feeders are being installed in the fattening zone.

In addition to the pens and breeding area, the pigsty should also be equipped with:

1. Accommodation room.
2. Warehouses for inventory and feed.
3. Platform for weighing animals.
4. Boiler room.
5. Feeding room.

Pig pens should be spacious enough. Ideally, if there is approximately 2.5 m² of free space per animal. Taking into account the aisles and utility rooms, farmers usually build a pigsty for 100 heads with an area of at least 300 squares. For 50 piglets, about 200 will be enoughm^2.

Machine equipment

Pigs are traditionally considered not very clean animals. However, this is mostly misleading. Piglets, like other farm animals, prefer to live in clean and dry rooms. Even pigs always go to the same place to defecate. In any case, the pen should have: a feeding area, a den, a defecation area.

Building pigsties with your own hands: what should be the walls

Of course, when drafting a project, you should also decide what materials will be used to build the structure. The walls of the pigsty can be built, for example, from wood or brick. But most often such buildings are still built from blocks. When using a material of this variety, you can get the most durable and at the same time not too expensive structure.

It is advisable to additionally insulate a pigsty built from blocks with mineral wool or polystyrene foam. The cheapest way to use a profiled sheet as an outer skin.

Foundation of the structure

In order for the pigsty to serve for a long time, of course, a reliable foundation should be arranged under it. The choice of the type of foundation for such a structure, as well as for any other, depends primarily on the characteristics of the soil in this particular area. Most often, the construction of a pigsty for 50 heads or more involves pouring the base in the form of a powerful reinforcedconcrete tape. Sometimes columnar foundations with a grillage are also equipped under such structures.

Roof

The roof on the structures of this specialization is usually arranged as a shed. The construction of pigsties is quite a costly business. But if you wish, you can save a little by choosing not too beautiful, but at the same time quite reliable materials for such a building. If for walls it is best to use inexpensive blocks, then for roof sheathing - slate. You can also paste over the roof and just ruberoid. But in any case, like the walls, the roof of the pigsty should definitely be insulated.

Which material to choose for the floor?

Piglets do not tolerate cold very well. Therefore, in small pigsties, warm wooden floors are usually equipped for a couple of heads. However, unfortunately, for buildings with a significant area and designed to contain large livestock, this option is completely unsuitable. The fact is that piglets really love to gnaw on wood. At the same time, the pigsties themselves are usually quite damp, which softens the surface of the boards. And this, in turn, makes it much easier for animals to destroy them.

Therefore, in large pigsties, designed for 50-100 heads, the floors are usually poured with cement mortar on sand (with reinforcement). But since the material is cold, wooden shields must be additionally laid on top of the concrete in the lairs of the machines. Their pigs, of course, can also hurt. But it's much cheaper to replace.whole floor renovation. The actual concrete pavement in the machines should be poured with a slope of at least 5 degrees towards the passage.

Pigsty windows

Pig rooms should not only be clean and dry, but also light enough. The optimal window size for such a structure is 1x1.5 m. In this case, the glazing in the pigsty should be double. Otherwise, in winter, the farmer will have to spend heavily on heating. The windows in the pigsty should be located at a height of approximately 1.2-1.5 m from the floor level.

Features of ventilation arrangement

Construction of cowsheds, pigsties and poultry houses of a large area is a rather complicated matter also because such buildings need to be equipped accordingly. So, for example, the biological feature of pigs is that during fattening they emit a lot of gases. But at the same time, they themselves do not tolerate polluted air very well. In such conditions, piglets gain weight much worse and get sick more often. Therefore, when drafting a pigsty, you should also think about the ventilation device.

In a room designed for 100 heads, 5 shafts with a diameter of 60x60 cm are usually made along the perimeter of the ceiling. At the same time, air ducts are led to the roof - into the ventilation slot. The recommended hose diameter for such systems is 20x10 cm. In a pigsty for 50 heads, supply shafts can, of course, be made smaller.

Heating

If the air temperature in winter at the location of the pigsty dropsbelow -25 C, it is necessary to provide additional heating in the premises. To do this, you will need to equip the boiler room. As for the wiring, in the pigsty you can equip the usual inexpensive one-pipe system with natural circulation.

Plumbing

Construction of pigsties, comfortable and durable, also involves the arrangement of this kind of engineering systems (for watering animals and cleaning with a hose). Unfortunately, centralized networks in the vicinity of buildings rarely pass. Therefore, a well is usually drilled to provide them with water. Sometimes they are equipped with several. Of course, it is not necessary to equip a hot water supply in a pigsty. Cold will suffice.

Sewerage

Manure can be removed manually in the structure for 50 heads. In a building designed for 100 pigs, it is better to install special conveyors - scraper and inclined. With their help, manure can be fed directly into the tractor trailer. You can store farm waste simply in a large pit. But it is better to equip a septic tank with bacteria near the pigsty.

What other materials can you build with?

Recently, when assembling structures of this specialization, various kinds of modern technologies are often used. For example, the construction of pigsties from metal structures is practiced. Buildings of this type, in addition to not being too expensive, also have the following advantages:

• Convenient distribution of internal space.
• Long service life.
• Easy installation.
• Good microclimate.

On top of everything else, pigsties made of metal structures pay for themselves pretty quickly.

Conclusion

Of course, building a large pigsty for 50 or 100 heads with your own hands is quite difficult. In any case, one person will certainly not cope with this task. Therefore, most often, novice farmers still prefer to hire specialists and order the construction of turnkey pigsties. In this case, of course, you will have to spend more, but it will be possible to do the actual breeding of animals much faster. And in already fully equipped rooms.

Of course, when choosing a company that carries out such work, first of all, you should make sure of its good reputation. When entrusting a company with such a thing as the construction of pigsties, you should definitely read reviews about it on the Internet beforehand. For example, farmers have a good opinion about such companies as AgroProm Construction and RosAgroStroy.