Asph alt density. Asph alt composition, GOST, grades, characteristics

2024 Author: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 10:16

As one of the most commonly used road building materials today, asph alt is used, the GOST of which implies the need to comply with the density and composition. To date, several brands, varieties and types of this material are known. The basis for the classification is not only the initial components, but also the ratio in the composition of their mass fractions. Asph alt is also divided into categories for the reason that the components may have a different fraction, with regard to crushed stone and sand, as well as the degree of purification of the mineral powder.

Composition

Asph alt composition suggests:

• gravel;
• rubble;
• sand;
• bitumen;
• mineral powder.

As for crushed stone, some varieties of this coating do not provide for its use. However, crushed stone or gravel is necessary if the territory is being asph alted, taking into account strong short-term loads and high traffic on the pavement. In this case, the mentioned materials act as a skeleton-forming protective element.

Bmineral powder is used as a mandatory raw material, it is contained in the composition of any varieties and grades of asph alt. The mass fraction of this powder is determined taking into account the requirements and tasks for viscosity. If you use a large amount of mineral powder, the material will gain the ability to dampen the vibrations of bridge structures without becoming covered with cracks.

As mentioned above, sand is used in most grades and types of asph alt. Its quality is determined by the degree of purification and method of obtaining. The material can be mined by an open pit, in which case it provides for the need for thorough cleaning. The cornerstone of the industry is bitumen. This is a product of oil refining.

The mass fraction of bitumen in most grades of asph alt does not exceed 5%. However, if it is necessary to asph alt areas that have a difficult terrain, bitumen can be used in amounts up to 10% or more. This raw material gives density and elasticity to the mixture after hardening. The finished composition is easily distributed over the site, because it has fluidity.

Density and main characteristics of natural asph alt

The density of asph alt is one of the first characteristics that interests professionals and private developers. Its natural variety is a low-melting solid mass of black color. When broken, the material may appear dull or shiny.

The density of asph alt is 1.1 g/cm³. The melting point can vary from 20 to 100 °C. The composition containsoil in a volume of 25 to 40%, as well as a resinous-asph altene substance, which may be contained in a volume of 60 to 75%. As for the elemental composition in percent, it looks like this:

• C – 80-85.
• H - 10-12.
• S – 0, 1-10.
• O - 2-3.

You already know the density of asph alt, but this characteristic is not the only one that interests consumers. Among other features, one should single out the method of formation of oil residues or fractions as a result of evaporation of light components and oxidation under the influence of hypergenesis.

Characteristics of artificial asph alt

Artificial asph alt is also called asph alt mix. It is a compacted composition of mineral powder, crushed stone, bitumen and sand. There is hot asph alt, which is laid by compaction when exposed to a temperature of 180 ° C or more. If low-viscosity bitumen is used in the production process, then laying is carried out at a temperature ranging from 40 to 80 ° C. If liquid bitumen is used, then the asph alt is cold and compacted at temperatures down to -30 °C.

Main grades of asph alt and GOST

The density of coarse asph alt was mentioned above, but you should also be aware that the percentage of ingredients in the composition affects the grades and types of asph alt. Today, three varieties are generally accepted, which are manufactured in accordance with GOST 9128-2009. In these standards, you can find out about the possibility of adding additives,which increase the hydrophobicity, frost resistance, wear resistance and flexibility of the coating.

Asph alt grade 1 contains:

• screening;
• sand;
• rubble;
• concrete;
• mineral powder.

This coating includes dense materials, in which the crushed stone content can vary from 30 to 60%. This should include high-density, crushed stone, highly porous and porous asph alts. Asph alt, the GOST of which must be taken into account during production, can be manufactured under grade 2. This material contains:

• rubble;
• concrete;
• crush screening;
• sand;
• mineral powder.

This category should include highly porous sandy, porous, and dense asph alts, in which the crushed stone content can vary from 30 to 50%, while the mixture of crushed screenings and sand can reach up to 70%.

You already know the density of asph alt, but you also need to know that there is asph alt grade 3, it contains:

• crush screening;
• mineral sand;
• bitumen powder.

In this case, we are talking about mixtures, crushed stone and gravel, which can be contained in the range from 30 to 50%. Crush screenings and sand are contained in a volume of 30 to 70%.

Description of stamps

The density of asph alt (t/m3) is 1.1. However, this is not all you need to know about the properties. For example, Grade 1 asph alt may be highly porous ordense with a high content of rubble. The area of use of this coating is road improvement and construction. For Grade 2 asph alt, the density range remains roughly the same, but the percentages of gravel and sand vary widely. This asph alt is considered the most average. The mixture is used for the construction of roads, landscaping, repair of coatings, as well as the formation of sites and parking lots.

Conclusion

Asph alt density (t/m3) is 1.1. But this parameter is not the only one you should know. For example, it is worth mentioning the asph alt deposit, which extends to the territory of the former USSR, the island of Trinidad, Venezuela, France and Canada. Mixing with mineral components, including gravel and sand, the material turns into a powerful crust on the surface of oil lakes. Such a coating is common in areas where oil-bearing rocks come out and are shallow to the surface of the earth.