2024 Author: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 10:16
Phytophthora fungi is a plant disease with at least forty species. Distributed in all parts of the world, with the exception of permafrost regions. However, even in the absence of natural vegetation, the disease can enter greenhouses along with infected seeds or seedlings. It affects all plants of the nightshade family: potatoes, tomatoes, eggplants, peppers. Other crops are also susceptible to it: strawberries, buckwheat, castor beans. The article describes in detail the fight against late blight on tomatoes.
How the disease manifests
Late blight or late blight appears on all parts of the tomato bush. The first signal is the appearance of brown spots on the leaves, mainly along the edges. If dark stripes have formed on the stem, it is to be expected that brown or silver spots will soon appear on the fruits. At this stage, the fight against late blight on tomatoes no longer brings results, you can only try to save part of the crop by removing diseased bushes from the site. They must be burned, and the rest treated with folk remedies or chemicals. Most oftendiseased fruits cannot be brought to maturity, they rot, and the bush gradually dries up. Phytophthora spores are extremely tenacious. They overwinter in the soil at the lowest temperatures, remaining in the roots, stem fragments and seeds of plants left after harvesting. From spring, at a temperature of 10 degrees Celsius, they begin to actively multiply, rain streams carry them from one bed to another. Moreover, spores are easily carried by the wind for many kilometers. A truly bacterial war that is very difficult to win.
Ways to combat late blight Before treating late blight tomatoes with antibacterial compounds, a number of proactive requirements must be observed. The main thing is not to plant tomatoes or other nightshades in the same place for two years in a row, and also not to alternate them with each other. Before planting seeds or seedlings, it is imperative to treat them with fungicides, such as Bordeaux mixture or Hom. It is unacceptable to use diseased seed. The fight against late blight on tomatoes is a constant care for the bushes. It is impossible to allow thickening of plantings, excessive moisture of the soil. The lower leaves touching the ground, as well as dried shoots, should be removed regularly. It is better to collect fruits unripe and leave to ripen under a light canopy in dry boxes or boxes. Now about how to spray tomatoes from late blight. The most famous remedy is Bordeaux liquid. Copper sulfate stains the bushes and the ground, and therefore many for aesthetic purposesprefer its analogue "Hom" - copper oxychloride. True, experienced gardeners still consider the first tested composition to be more effective. At the same time, others argue that copper sulfate is yesterday. Today, specialized stores offer a number of fungicides against phytophthora, among which Fitosporin and Ridomil have good reviews. It should be noted that the problem is not solved by one-time treatment, it will have to be repeated at least 3-4 times during the growing season. The composition of all chemicals to combat this fungus includes copper. With this in mind, some vegetable growers use the original method of preventing (but not treating!) Diseases. With a copper wire of small diameter, cut into pieces 2-2.5 cm long, the tomato stem is pierced at the base. Reacting with the sap of the plant, the microelement spreads throughout the bush and protects it from damage by bacteria. No one guarantees a 100% result, but you can try, there will be no harm. Milk whey is another folk remedy. Dilute 1-2 liters in a bucket of water and spray the bushes. The action lies in the fact that the acidic environment on the surface of the plant prevents the reproduction of fungi. There is experience of spraying with an aqueous solution of 5% iodine (10 ml per bucket of water). There are many other ways that are harmless to the plant and the he alth of consumers, and it is better to resort to them more often than to abuse pesticides.
Fight against late blight on tomatoes with folk remedies
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