2024 Author: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 10:16
Nozzles are elements of an automobile engine that are responsible for injecting and spraying fuel through the combustion chamber. Necessary for the formation of an air-fuel mixture.
Diesel engine injectors tend to clog periodically. Therefore, car owners often have a question: how to diagnose and repair diesel injectors? Dirty injectors result in increased fuel consumption, overheating and piston erosion.
Diagnosis and repair of injectors
The simplest and most accessible method for calculating a dirty injector is embodied in the following steps:
- Adjusting idle speed to the point where you can clearly hear problems with the engine running
- Disconnecting each injector by loosening the union nut at the high pressure line connection
- When the working nozzle is turned off, the operation of the motor changes noticeably, when the non-working nozzle is turned off, the operation will not change
It is also possible to check the injectors by feeling the fuel line for jolts. The reason for this is the injectionpressurized fuel to a clogged injector.
A more accurate check of injectors is done with the help of a maximeter - a device, in fact, which is an exemplary injector. It has a spring and a scale that sets the pressure at the start of fuel injection.
Repair of Bosch Common Rail injectors
Repair of diesel injectors equipped with Bosch CommonRail is the simplest and most profitable compared to others, since restoration, repair or replacement of parts is half the price of buying a new one.
Let's look at the items that are most subject to wear.
- Multiplier - includes seat and stem. If the seat is deformed, it can be restored, but if the stem is worn out, the multiplier is completely replaced.
- Atomizer - factory warranty of 100,000 km and a characteristic number of each nozzle part, which is necessary for replacement. Ideally the nebulizers are changed, but sometimes you can just sonicate.
The essence of the adjustment is to adjust the stroke of the electromagnet and the ball to thousandths. The gaps are set using shims. Based on the type, brand and model of the nozzle, the ball stroke ranges from 0.03 mm to 0.07 mm. According to the planned test, then it is necessary to select the desired stroke of the electromagnet. It is worth noting that adjustment is impossible without the right equipment, so it is recommended to carry it out in specializedworkshops, as incorrect actions significantly increase the financial costs of repairs.
Repair of Delphi CommonRail injectors
Delphi diesel injectors are just as easy to repair as Bosch injectors, since the same parts must be replaced - valve and nozzle. Thus, we have a new nozzle in the old "box".
The valve breaks most often. Inside it is a turntable that moves up and down, thereby blocking the channels. When the internal spraying of the valve is erased, the spinner starts to walk crookedly, a grain of sand can get into the gap, after which the valve jams, and the fuel drains back. In this case, the valve cannot be restored. With a sprayer, things are easier - it is cleaned with ultrasound or replaced. It is quite possible to repair the nozzle in one day, and it is cheaper to do it than to buy a new one.
Repair of Denso Common Rail injectors
Initially, Denso nozzles were installed on various Japanese and Chinese cars, but nowadays they are also installed on other well-known brands, for example, Ford or Peugeot. The price of the nozzle is much lower than that of competitors, and the resource is up to 150,000 km. It is worth noting that spare parts for the Denso injector are quite difficult to find, because the company does not sell individual parts. Therefore, if it breaks down, a working one can be assembled from several used ones.
The part that fails more often than others is the tablet valve. It is located at the end of the turntable, has one beveled side, which closes the channel. The problem isturning the ball over, after which the channel breaks and the fuel is drained into the return line. The sprayer will not cause problems - it is enough to rinse it with ultrasound. It is not recommended to disassemble the nozzle yourself, as there are a very large number of small parts and no less number of special keys are required.
Repair of injectors PiezoBosch, PiezoSiemens
Repairing the injectors of a Piezo powered engine is easy, but quite expensive. In the nozzles of this model, there is no electromagnet, and a piezocrystal is installed instead. In modern times, such nozzles are installed on cars of various major brands in the European region, such as Mercedes, VW and others. The only problem is the price - it starts from 5000 rubles.
The composition of the Piezo nozzle includes a body with a piezocrystal, a hydraulic accumulator, a valve and a spray. The most common cause of injector failure is low-quality fuel. It is also worth mentioning the possible breakdown of the accumulator - scoring may appear on its surface, and it will begin to leak fuel. The valve seat is subject to wear, causing the nozzle to not hold pressure. Do not forget about the sprayer - it can jam, which also causes internal damage to the nozzle.
Spare parts are only available on order and are quite expensive for the owner, so it's better not to repair the nozzles, but to buy new ones.
Conclusion
Failure of injectors is not a critical failure, but still quiteunpleasant, because the correctness of their work directly affects the functioning of the entire engine and its parts. It is possible to operate a car with untuned or dirty injectors, but repairs should not be shelved. Delaying the solution of the problem will entail an increase in the cost of repairing the nozzles themselves, as well as the breakdown of other components of the power unit. Therefore, it is recommended to carry out elementary diagnostics and possible repairs at the first signs of a "disorder" of the injectors, if the type of part allows it.
For the longest operation, it is necessary to use high-quality fuel, as well as install original filters and replace them in a timely manner. Many car manufacturers recommend injector cleaning every 50,000 km.
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