Types of packages. Packaging of goods, its functions, types and characteristics

2024 Author: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 10:16

Each of us knows what packaging is. But not everyone understands that it serves not only to give a presentation to the product and make it more comfortable to transport. Some types of packaging are needed solely to protect the product from mechanical damage. Others - to give an attractive appearance, etc. Let's look into this issue and consider not only the main types, but also the functions of the packages.

Making requirements

It is necessary to pay attention to the fact that a piece of paper wrapping, suppose, a service, is not yet a package. This is due to the fact that clear requirements are put forward for it. The main one is reliability. Essentially, the packaging must retain its mechanical strength and stability over time. In addition, a slight impact should not cause damage to the product. Another important requirement is safety. It can be achieved by applying paintcoatings. By the way, you need to remember that the coating should not be toxic, since damage to the environment is unacceptable during disposal. Simply put, packaging should be environmentally friendly. It also makes sense to talk about aesthetic properties. Any packaging, especially gift packaging, should not repel, moreover, it should attract attention. Thus, it is easy to conclude that there are different types of packaging that are used in certain cases. Let's talk about it now.

Three types of packages

The immediate receptacle of the goods is the primary one, which is also the inner packaging. It is worth paying attention to the fact that it should be in any case. Its main purpose is to protect the product from mechanical damage. For example, when buying a set of glasses, you will notice that they have a cardboard package with partitions. It is the partitions that protect the products from contact with each other, which creates the main protection.

There is also outer packaging. If we cite the same glasses as an example, then this is a box that allows you to maintain the overall integrity of the product. Sometimes it may not be there, but if you buy something valuable, then it is definitely there. The last type is transport packaging. Its essence lies in the fact that it contains a certain number of already packaged products. Let's say 20 sets of glasses, 6 pieces each. As you can see, all types of packaging are needed and each one plays its part.

Retail packaging and shipping containers

The first group should includepackages that are created for the average consumer, that is, for you and me. In most cases, it is on all household appliances and goods, in addition, it can be used for further storage of the product. In most cases, the types of packaging (consumer) can be divided into several small subgroups: food, drinks, drugs and other pharmaceutical products, as well as hygiene and cosmetics.

Not every one of us is familiar with the concept of "transport packaging", which is also a kind of packaging. It is used either for large goods or for a large number of products. Almost always used only for the transportation of products from one enterprise to another. The recipient usually does not see it, since it remains with the sender during unloading.

Public and military packaging

The first type is most applicable in various public as well as private institutions. These include schools, prisons, hospitals, etc. It can be said that such packages are most suitable for storing and transporting food groups of goods. For the most part, when providing large groups of the population with food or medicine. For example, goods for humanitarian aid are placed in consumer packages.

It is easy to guess that military packaging is necessary for the storage and transportation of products intended for the country's armed forces. However, in this case, some requirements are neglected, for example, aesthetic appearance andenvironmental friendliness. At the same time, safety and possible storage time play a decisive role. In this case, the packaging of the product can be made of wood, plastic, etc. Well, now let's go ahead and look at some more interesting details.

Gift packaging: requirements and features

Each of us once bought a gift. Agree, you always want to buy colorful, bright and attractive packaging that will evoke only the best emotions. This is how it should be, so we can say that this kind of packaging should attract attention. In most cases, a special paint coating is allowed, which will make the wrapper more pleasing to the eye. As for the material from which the gift wrapping is made, it can be different. In most cases, this is paper with the original logo or polyethylene, which is pre-painted. If we are talking about a box, then it is made of cardboard, and some kind of drawing is applied on top of it, or it is simply made out in different colors. Cardboard can be thick, designer, plain or coated. An important role is played by bows, which can not be attributed to the packaging. They are used to achieve the desired aesthetic goals.

Vacuum packed

In everyday life, each of us encounters such packages. Although they are ubiquitous, they are most often found in the food industry. We all know that oxygen plays a rolesubstance oxidant. In order to avoid the rapid development of bacteria and food spoilage, the latter are placed in vacuum packaging. Of course, we can say that the main requirement is tightness. If the air still passes, then there is no benefit from such protection. But again, this is a one-time packaging, since a special apparatus is needed to create a vacuum. The material used is a special bag or container. When the product is placed in it, air is pumped out. So it is stored for some time. Once you open it, the vacuum packaging can be recycled. It is also interesting that this approach allows you to save a large amount of nutrients.

About the protective function of packaging

The article has already mentioned protective functions. Through special packaging, the monitor is protected from mechanical damage, chips - from moisture, processors - from electrical discharges, etc. Agree, no one wants to buy sugar, which was previously exposed to moisture, and it turned into a "brick". Although its properties basically remained at the same level, however, the packaging did not fulfill its purpose. And it will repel the consumer. Also, whether it's cardboard or plastic, it shouldn't open too easily. This is done so that the consumer who came to the store could not open it and try the product or replace it. Sometimes it is necessary to protect people and the environment fromproducts. For example, the sale of household chemicals provides for special containers, and cardboard packaging will no longer work here. The same applies to other similar products.

Conclusion

So we have considered the topic of interest to us. It must be understood that plastic packaging, cardboard or polyethylene must perform its functions. For some products, protection against mechanical damage is important, for others, air ingress is undesirable, for others, something else. For example, soft packaging is preferred for transporting and storing electronics, such as PC components, TVs, etc. In other cases, polyethylene or cardboard is used (as gift wrapping, etc.). Sometimes plastic packaging is needed. For example, bleach, electrolyte, acid, and other liquids should only be kept in airtight plastic containers.