2024 Author: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 10:16
Assets of an enterprise are property owned by it and consisting of tangible, financial and intangible balance sheet items. Let's consider each of them in more detail.
Tangible assets are a material form of ownership. This category includes buildings and structures, as well as the land on which they are built, mechanisms and tools, production equipment. In addition, this section can also include reserves of used raw materials and materials, fuel resources, and the like.
In turn, the concept of "financial asset" is all kinds of financial instruments. This definition includes receivables, foreign exchange investments, cash on hand, insurance policies and securities, and more.
Intangible assets include the rights to use intellectual property both during the production process and in the documentation of the organization. This category traditionally includes trademarks and logos,various invention patents and the like.
Assets: accounting
Like many economic indicators, the concept under consideration has many definitions that characterize it from different points of view. For example, everything written above makes it possible to understand that an "asset" is a concept that is closely related to both the economic activity of an enterprise and the production process. However, consider the concept that represents the desired concept as a component of the balance sheet. Thus, an asset is a piece that illustrates both the composition and value of a company's ownership.
Classification
Currently, the company's assets are divided into several groups depending on a variety of criteria. For example, according to the right of ownership, rented and own property are distinguished; according to the degree of liquidity, absolutely, highly, weakly and illiquid assets are distinguished. Depending on the source of formation - net and gross, and according to the nature of participation in the production cycle, modern scientists identify current and non-current assets.
Criteria
Nevertheless, despite some differences in wording, all existing definitions of the above concept reflect the main characteristics. There are only three of them:
1. The event that made it possible to dispose of profits from the use of any property owned by the company has already happened.
2. The enterprise (organization) has the ability tobenefit from the use of an asset. At the same time, there is also the possibility of comprehensive control over the amount of profit received.
3. Properly deployed assets - a real opportunity to obtain economic benefits, subject to the rational use of the potential present.
Based on the foregoing, we can conclude that an asset is the resources that an enterprise has and which are fully involved in the production of goods and services.
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