Accident insurance. Accident insurance contract

2024 Author: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 10:16

Every year the development of the insurance market in Russia is gaining momentum. This is not surprising, because insurance is practically the only way to financially support yourself and your loved ones in the event of an unforeseen situation. One of the most popular types of such support is accident insurance.

A trip to history

This type of insurance has quite deep roots, but if you don't go too deep into history, you can say that its appearance is connected with the requirement of the Wisby maritime law, recorded in 1541 in Great Britain. It says that the owner of a sea vessel, when hiring a crew, is obliged to insure the life and he alth of the captain against possible accidents.

Already in the 17th century, Holland developed a special scale for volunteer soldiers, according to which they were en titled to various monetary compensations depending on the degree of injury received. In the 18th and 19th centuries, accident insurance also receivedwidespread in Germany and England, where the so-called mutual aid alliances began to be created.

This type of insurance came to Russia at the dawn of the 20th century, with the adoption in 1903 of a law that guaranteed workers in the mining industry and employees of various factories, as well as their family members, to receive monetary compensation in case of disability or death at work. For a long time, accident insurance was part of life insurance, and only over time, after almost a hundred years, it became independent.

Basic concepts

There are several types of accident insurance, but all of them can be divided into two broad categories: compulsory (legally guaranteed) insurance of certain categories of citizens and voluntary - consisting in the execution of a contract on mutually beneficial terms. In the first case, payments under the contract are made by the Accident Insurance Fund, and in the second case, the financial risks are assumed by the insurance company. In any case, the object of insurance is the property interests of citizens associated with disability, injury or death as a result of an accident.

An accident can be recognized as a situation when the external impact on the body of the insured was sudden and unforeseen. The key here is the surprise factor, since if a person was aware of the onset of unpleasant consequences and did not prevent them, then most often the insurance payment will be denied. For example, if you stumbled on a stone while skiing and broke your leg, then it will be an accident, and when you get badly burned after spending several hours on the beach, these are already your problems, since you were aware of the likely consequences and could stop at any moment. destructive action.

Scope of responsibility

Since the terms of insurance are clearly spelled out in the contract, the scope of liability includes not just an injury as a result of an unforeseen external impact, but an insured accident, that is, only what is stipulated in the contract. The whole variety of consequences of the occurrence of such circumstances can be divided into 3 large categories:

• temporary disability;
• partial or total disability;
• death.

All these consequences constitute the scope of insurance liability and can be included in the contract together, separately (for example, payments are made only upon receipt of disability) or in various combinations.

Compulsory insurance in Russia

For some categories of citizens of the Russian Federation, depending on the area of work, social accident insurance is provided, regulated by Federal Law No. 125 of July 24, 1998. The effect of this type of insurance is limited to cases of ill he alth associated with injuries and injuries directly at work or outside the enterprise, but during working hours (as well as on the way to work and home). The peculiarity of this type of insurance is thatpayments on it are made exclusively by the employer.

Until recently, compulsory insurance could include he alth insurance for passengers using the services of all types of water, air and land transport. For some time now, such insurance has been replaced by the need for carrier liability insurance.

Special insurance for the military

This type of compulsory insurance protects citizens whose professional activities are initially associated with a risk to life. These include employees of the Ministry of Emergency Situations, military personnel, rescuers, employees of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the judicial and tax system, and others. Financial coverage of risks for this type of insurance is provided by the federal budget.

So, what guarantees military personnel accident insurance (Federal Law No. 52 of 1998-28-03):

• getting a minor injury - 5 salaries;
• in case of severe injury (trauma, injury) - 10 salaries;
• injury (injury), which led to the onset of disability III gr. - 25 salaries;
• when assigning disability II gr. - 50 salaries;
• disability I gr. - 75 monthly salaries;
• Injury resulting in the death of an insured person guarantees 25 monthly salaries for each beneficiary.

Let's insure additionally

If you are used to taking care of yourself and your loved ones on your own, an insurance contract will suit youfrom accidents, concluded on a voluntary basis. The main feature of such an agreement is that you yourself can choose the list of risks that you want to insure, as well as the amount and term of insurance.

At your choice, you can issue a policy for several days (if, for example, you are going to relax in the mountains) or choose an insurance option that covers absolutely all your risks around the clock for several years - it all depends on how large contributions you can afford.

The entire voluntary insurance market can be conditionally divided into 2 groups - individual and collective. What are the differences?

Every man for himself

Individual accident insurance involves the conclusion of an agreement with an individual, and its effect in this case applies to both the insured himself and his family members (in the event of the death of the insured). It can be total or partial.

In the first case, the guarantee of the contract covers all areas of the life of the insured (both private and professional) during the entire period of the contract. With partial insurance, you can choose a specific period of your life: during a vacation or business trip, for a period of sports, and so on.

Also, accident insurance can be included as an add-on to a more comprehensive package.

Collective insurance

Collective insurance has become quite popular todayworkers from accidents, many large companies offer this option today in addition to the social package. The peculiarity of this type of insurance is that in this case the insured is the employer, and the beneficiary is the insured person or members of his family.

In previous years, collective insurance in the Russian Federation has become quite popular due to the peculiarities of tax legislation, which guaranteed the possibility of returning insurance premiums and preferential taxation of insurance payments. To date, the tax regime in this area has been greatly tightened, which has made collective insurance less attractive to the employer.

What can become an insured event

Since payments under an accident insurance contract are fully or partially made after the occurrence of a certain event, it is worth dwelling separately on what an insured event is. These are the events specified in the contract and occurred during the period of its validity, resulting in the death of the insured person or partial or complete loss of his ability to work.

These include:

• injury (mutilation) resulting from an accident;
• unintentional poisoning with chemicals, poisonous plants, drugs, poor-quality food (except for toxicological infections - dysentery, salmonellosis, etc.);
• sudden illness with polio, tick-borneencephalitis;
• ectopic pregnancy or pathology of childbirth, which led to the removal of the internal organs of the genital area (ovaries, uterus, fallopian tubes);
• dislocations, fractures, burns, injuries and ruptures of internal organs that occurred by accident, as well as cases of removal of organs as a result of erroneous medical manipulations;
• cases of inadvertent inhalation of foreign objects, anaphylactic shock, drowning;
• hypothermia of the body, resulting in serious consequences (except death from a cold);
• death of the insured from the causes listed above, which occurred during the term of the contract.

Why they don't give insurance

There is also a list of events, the occurrence of which cannot be regarded as an insured event:

• if injuries (injuries) were received by the insured during the commission of unlawful acts;
• when bodily injury was intentionally self-inflicted by the insured;
• poisoned or injured as a result of a suicide attempt;
• if injuries, injuries and injuries were received as a result of driving any vehicle while intoxicated with drugs, toxic or alcohol, as well as in the case of transferring control to another person in such a state;
• when adverse effects on the body have occurred as a result of preventive, diagnostic or therapeutic measures carried out at the initiative of the insured and not related to the treatment of the disease receiveddue to the occurrence of an insured event;
• death due to the above causes.

How much does it cost

One of the most important topics of concern to citizens who want to further protect their lives and he alth is the question of how much accident insurance costs. Tariffs here directly depend on the list of insured events included in the contract and the identity of the insured. The range is quite wide - from 0.10% if only the risk of death is insured, up to 12-15% for broad-spectrum policies.

The premium may be affected by:

• gender and age of the insured - it is believed that men have a higher risk of injury, and citizens of a more respectable age are generally reluctant to insure;
• lifestyle - do you like extreme recreation or do sports associated with increased injury;
• profession - the more dangerous it is, the higher the tariff;
• customer's he alth condition - if you suffer from serious illnesses, the rate increases many times;
• number of risks to be insured - the more, the more expensive;
• term of insurance and number of insured persons - family policies are usually cheaper than individual ones;
• other factors - depending on the policy of the insurance company.

The frequency of payments is also stipulated in the contract - contributions can be made one-time, annually, monthly or every quarter. Insurance companies today offer quiteWith a wide range of plans and plans, finding the right one is easy.