Extractive industry and reliable pumps

2024 Author: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 10:16

The extractive industry is now clearly defined. This is a set of all industries that are engaged in the extraction of fuel or minerals from the bowels of the Earth, from water, forests, etc. A mineral is considered a rock that has some properties and can be used for various needs. A rock with no value is considered empty. Accumulations of useful substances are considered a deposit.

Locations. Mining

Today, there are many different industrial enterprises, but the main ones that relate to the extractive industry are only three - a mine, a mine and a quarry.

Mines are enterprises that belong to the mining industry, and mining is carried out underground. It also includes some surface structures and mine workings. Next comes the mine, which is also intended for the extraction of mountain ore, but, in addition to the underground method, it can also be used open. The last enterprise in the mining industry is a quarry used to extract minerals.fossils only in the open way.

Stages of development

It is worth noting that mining has existed for a very long time and today is one of the main economic centers of many countries. The development of this industry is conditionally divided into four major stages.

The first stage was called bioenergy, and the work was based on the principle of a person - a tool - an object of labor. In other words, the muscular strength of man and animal was used to extract minerals. The next stage is called machine. A car was added to the chain after the person. This is due to the fact that at that time mechanical engineering developed quite well and the steam plant was invented. The third stage is electrification. This process made it possible to significantly increase the efficiency of the mining industry, as the efficiency of mining machines was greatly increased. The last and modern stage is automation. Its main feature is related to the fact that the control functions of mining equipment were transferred to special equipment.

Business cycles

Today, the extractive industry is different in that its enterprises have a technological and life cycle. As for the first cycle, this is the moment from the start of operation of any technology to its change to another. The second cycle is the time period from the creation of an enterprise project to the moment it is closed.

Any object has a certain period of operation, which is determined based on the volumeresource it produces per year. For example, if a mine is being built with a production capacity of 1-2 million tons per year, then the approximate service life should be 25-30 years. In the mining industry, several stages of the production cycle are also distinguished. The first is the search and exploration of a mineral deposit. The second is the creation of a project and the construction of a mining enterprise. The third is the direct exploitation of the mineral deposit, that is, their extraction.

Information about industry in Russia

The extractive industry in Russia is developed in almost all directions, but some industries stand out more than others. So, the country is richest in such natural resources as:

• petroleum products;
• natural gas;
• ore containing ferrous, non-ferrous and precious metals;
• diamond deposits;
• shale deposits;
• mineral waters, as well as ores containing other precious or semi-precious stones.

If we talk about the largest enterprises in the territory of the Russian Federation, then we can single out Rosneft, Lukoil, Tatneft, Gazprom and several others. In the Russian Federation, there is federal legislation that ensures the protection of the market from monopoly. Special mining licenses are granted. The main requirement is that the enterprise must ensure environmental and labor safety.

It is worth mentioning that amongThere are various industries that work with liquid, and in order to extract it, it is necessary to use various reliable and powerful pumps to pump this liquid. Such devices are most widely used in the oil industry. There are three main types of pump used for this.

The first type is mud pumps, which are plunger and piston units. The main goal is flushing and squeezing operations in the process of drilling new oil wells.

At the second stage, downhole centrifugal, rod or screw devices are used to pump out formation fluid. The last type of pumps are surface and borehole. Their main purpose is to pump reservoir fluid.

Main mining methods

Depending on the form in which the necessary natural resource is contained, there are several ways to extract it. If we talk about mining methods on the territory of the Russian Federation, then only 2 are most widely used here - open and underground. The open method is also called career. It provides for the extraction of minerals from the soil using special equipment - such as excavators, tractors, etc. Before proceeding with this type of obtaining the desired ore, it is necessary to carry out blasting and crush the rock, since in this easier to mine and transport.

As for the second method, it is used if the rock lies deep underground, otherin other words, mine construction is required.

At the end, it is worth adding that there are emblems of the extractive industry, by which it becomes quite easy to determine what exactly this or that enterprise does.