Valve arrester: main characteristics, types, principle of operation

2024 Author: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 10:16

Valve-type arresters are used in electrical circuits. These devices are necessary in order to prevent atmospheric overload. Also, valve arresters and surge arresters are able to deal with switching interference. Devices are installed mainly behind insulators. The main parameters of arresters include voltage class and nominal frequency.

Punching overload in devices is very different. If we consider stationary modifications, then the rated voltage is taken into account. The valve arrester costs an average of 15 thousand rubles.

The device and the principle of operation of modifications

A standard valve-type arrester includes a resistor and capacitor banks. Discs are most often installed at the top of the structure. The drive units are of the low-resistance type. It is also worth noting that there are devices with special closing plates. In terms of impulse conductivity, they are quite different. Many modifications work from the module.

The principle of operation of the valve arrester is based on the conversion of current. ATfirst of all, voltage is applied to the plates. Resistors are responsible for magnetic interference. The capacitor bank allows current to pass through it in only one direction. The entire conversion process takes place in the modulator. The output is alternating current with a frequency of at least 20 Hz.

Device types

By design, switching and low-voltage devices are distinguished. Tubular modifications are used at substations. Switching devices are distinguished by high frequency. In this case, the rated voltage of modifications is at the level of 300 V. Protection systems are used in different classes. Low voltage devices are suitable for PK series transformers.

The operating frequency is at 55 Hz. Tubular devices are used in networks with alternating current. Magnetic modifications are suitable for transformers of the PE series. Stationary devices are allocated in a separate category. Their nominal voltage parameter can reach up to 340 W.

Switching models

The switching arrester is great for power plants of different capacities. Disks in this case are used for high conductivity. According to experts, the sensitivity of capacitor units reaches 30 mV. Many models use a diode block, which prevents the module from burning out.

Directly, resistors are used, as a rule, of the wave type, the linings are installed at a small height. For transformers of the RK series, these arresters are not unambiguously suitable. Worth a quality upgradewithin 14.500 rub.

Low voltage arresters

Low-voltage spark gap is good because it is not afraid of magnetic interference. The drive is used low frequency. At the same time, the rated voltage lies in the range of 100 - 200 V. Many modifications can boast of high conductivity and low residual voltage. It is also worth noting that the devices are great for PK series transformers.

The arrester protection system is mainly used in class ME40. Operating humidity is around 90%. Atmospheric overloads in this case, the electronic circuit is not terrible. Arresters are not suitable for transformers of the KE series. Capacitor blocks are used here with low power. A user can buy a high-quality arrester at a price of 8 thousand rubles.

Tubular modifications

Tubular and valve arresters are similar to each other. They are quite common in substations. The main feature of the tubular modification lies in the low conductive capacity. It is also worth noting that the operating frequency lies in the range of 40-50 Hz. Many modifications are suitable for transformers of the KE series. Protection systems are used by different classes.

The breakdown voltage, as a rule, does not exceed 500 V. The operating humidity of the arrester is not more than 80%. They are not afraid of atmospheric overloads, the body is protected perfectly. Nozzles for devices are used mainly of a combined type. Overlays in this case are used quite rarely. The disks are installed at a small distance from each other.

Modifications with two capacitor boxes are very rare. Their capacity is on average 500 microns. Quite often, the rated voltage does not exceed 450 watts. CR protection systems are rarely used. Dipole-type resistors are definitely not suitable for modifications. The price of a good spark gap ranges from 14 to 20 thousand rubles.

Long bow models

The valve arrester with an extended arc may only be used in an alternating current circuit. Many experts say that modifications have good output conductivity. However, problems with negative polarity occur infrequently. Protection systems are mainly used in class PK40. The operating humidity of the arresters is around 90%. Atmospheric overloads are not terrible for these devices.

These modifications are not suitable for RA series transformers. If we talk about the parameters, it is important to note that their nominal voltage is not very high. In this case, the maximum frequency is 66 Hz. Pinching blocks are used with different conductivity. The discs are mainly installed at the top of the structure. The volume of the capacitor unit fluctuates around 50 pF. You can buy a high-quality arrester in a specialized electronics store for only 15 thousand rubles.

Features of stationary arresters

Stationary arresters can be used on transformers of the KE series. Protection systems for models are used in different classes. If you believe the opinion of experts, then their conductivity is on average equal to120 microns. Quite often, devices are manufactured with disks on linings. Many models boast high sensitivity. It is also worth noting that capacitor units are used with and without converters. The maximum capacitance is 50 pF.

Stationary-type arresters are great for working in an alternating current network, they are not afraid of atmospheric overloads. Resistors are usually of the dipole type. In this case, the voltage class depends on the modulator. Some modifications are allowed to be used on PK40 series transformers. Capacitor boxes are used for low power, but there is a filter for magnetic interference. The user is able to buy a good arrester at a price of 30 thousand rubles.

Magnetic modification parameters

Magnetic valve arrester is made with one or more adapters. The nominal voltage indicator is about 500 V. Devices without filters are very rare. Indicators are used only dipole type. In this case, condenser boxes are installed in different sizes. Very often, magnetic arresters are operated on low-voltage transformers. The operating frequency in this case is maintained at around 50 Hz. The devices are not suitable for operation in the DC circuit.

The breakdown voltage is not very high. Valve arresters are tested using wired testers. The working humidity of the modifications is at the level of 60%. Quite often, devices are installed on bushings. Their platesattached both at the top and at the bottom. A user can buy a good spark gap at a price of 15 thousand rubles.

Features of PBO series devices 12

The valve arrester of this series is used at transformer substations to prevent atmospheric overloads. Its nominal voltage indicator is 300 V. According to experts, the device is not afraid of problems with negative modulation, this modification has a dipole filter. If we talk about design features, experts note the low location of the disks. Central adapters are located near the modulator. The capacitor box operates at a frequency of 30 Hz. In this case, its capacitance is 5 pF. The breakdown voltage of the device is 500V.

Protection system applied class PK50. If you believe the opinion of experts, then the device is not suitable for high-voltage transformers. Switching interference of this model is not terrible. However, it is important to note that the center conductor burns out in some cases. In this case, the operating humidity of the arrester is at the level of 30%. The user can buy a model of this series from 20 thousand rubles.

Characteristics of arresters RVO 10

The RVO 10 valve arrester is interesting in that it has two modulators. The frequency in this case is controlled by the module. The conversion process does not take much time from the arrester. Most experts say that this device is great for PK series transformers. At the same time, the systemprotection is of high quality, and the working humidity is at the level of 60%. A user can buy a valve arrester RVO 10 at a price of 18 thousand rubles.

Difference between PBC series devices 35

The RVS valve arrester operates in the DC circuit. Modification is suitable only for transformers of the PE series. The conductivity on the disks is quite high. Also, experts say that the current conversion process does not take much time.

The capacitor bank adopts high capacity. The sensitivity of the module is located at around 50 mV. For transformers of the KE50 series, the modification is not suitable. The operating humidity of the arrester is at around 60%. The user is able to purchase this modification at a price of 22 thousand rubles.

Features of PBO 40 series devices

The valve arrester of the presented series has a lot of advantages. First of all, it is worth noting that it maintains conductivity at the level of 50 microns. For tubular modifications, this is quite a lot. Also, experts say that the devices are allowed to operate in AC networks. For transformers of the PK series, they fit great. The threshold conductivity of the arresters of the presented series is maintained at around 55 microns.

The rated voltage does not exceed 400 V. The devices are not suitable for transformers of the KE series. Capacitor block is used large capacity. In this case, a protection system of class AK 50 is used. The breakdown voltage of the modification is at the level of 430B. The modification does not provide a system of protection against wave interference. The operating humidity of the arrester is 50%. The user can purchase the model for 18 thousand rubles.

Characteristics of surge arresters 10

The surge arrester is used on RK series transformers. Insulators under it are suitable only for small widths. If you believe the opinion of experts, then the conductivity of the arrester of this series is quite high. The rated voltage is at the level of 450 V. At this time, the switching permeability is at the level of 40 microns. The protection system of the modification uses the PE class. In an AC network, the capacitor bank very rarely overheats.

Modifications are rarely used to work with the MO transformer. The capacitance of the capacitor bank is exactly 50 pF. The linear conductor, which fights against impulse noise, deserves special attention in the device. Negative modulation is not terrible for him. Separately, it should be noted that the operating humidity of the arrester is 80%. The user can buy it for 20 thousand rubles.