Insurance pension - what is it? Labor insurance pension. Pension provision in Russia

2024 Author: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 10:16

According to the legislation, since 2015, the insurance part of pension savings has been transformed into a separate type - insurance pension. Since there are several types of pensions, not everyone understands what it is and what it is formed from. What is an insurance pension will be discussed in this article.

Concept

Insurance pension - what is it? A similar question is asked by citizens who are faced with such a term. From the name itself it is clear that this pension is formed on the principle of insurance. That is, during the entire period when the employer pays mandatory insurance contributions to the Pension Fund of Russia for his employee, the employee receives an insurance pension. Its size directly depends on the salary. Upon the occurrence of an insured event, that is, reaching retirement age and the inability to work further, the citizen begins to receive monthly state payments.

What is it for

Since a new type of labor pension will operate instead ofpayments, you should figure out what their differences are and why they are needed. Do not panic and draw hasty conclusions, as our citizens are used to, faced with something unknown and new. In fact, everything is very simple, and the main thing to understand is that the higher the salary of a person, the higher the insurance contributions and, accordingly, the larger the pension. If earlier a citizen could receive only a certain amount of pension payments, today he has the right to determine the amount of his pension in the future. Thus, we can conclude that the more an employee earns, the higher his insurance pension payments will be, which in the future will be able to determine the amount of his income.

How is formed

As mentioned above, the insurance pension is formed at the expense of the employer's mandatory insurance payments for his employee. The total amount of contributions is 22% for compulsory pension insurance. These percentages are divided into a solidarity rate of 6% and an individual rate of 16%. The solidarity tariff is intended to finance fixed payments. There are two types of pensions to choose from. Depending on his individual decision, he can choose which part of the interest will go to the formation of an insurance pension. For example, an individual tariff of 16% of contributions can be fully used to accumulate the insurance part of pension contributions. Or, as in another option, 6% can go to a funded pension, and 10% can form an insurance pension. SoThus, it becomes clear why changes were introduced to the legislation on the insurance pension, and how it is formed.

Employment insurance pension

This type of pension is of interest to almost all the working population of the country. It is he who is the main one for calculating pension savings and as the total amount of income in the end. It is formed from two parts - a funded and insurance pension. What this concept is will be discussed below. The main thing to be aware of is that it is very problematic to calculate the amount of this pension on your own; for this, several coefficients and formulas are used. Moreover, upon reaching the retirement age of a citizen, a lot can change.

So, the concept of a labor insurance pension means that a person has at least six years of insurance experience, for which the state guarantees him monthly payments upon the occurrence of an insured event. In this case, it will be reaching retirement age.

How to calculate the labor insurance pension

As mentioned above, in order to calculate the amount of this pension, you must use special formulas and coefficients. The calculation is based on two parts of the pension - insurance and funded. The insurance pension - what it is and how to calculate it, was described above, but how to find out the size of the funded pension will now be described. The funded part of the pension is formed at the request of a citizen, that is, he has the right to choose only one typepension provision. Thus, you can form a funded pension at your own discretion. Its size will correspond to 6% of the monthly mandatory deductions.

To find out the size of the labor pension for insurance contributions, you need to add the insurance and funded parts. To calculate the insurance part, you need to use the following formula: SCH \u003d PC / T + B. Here, the midrange is directly the insurance part; PC - the amount of capital, which determines the amount at the time of assigning pension contributions by age; T - the period in which payments are expected by age; B - the basic component of the labor pension, it is fixed, its amount can be obtained from your pension fund manager.

The law on the insurance pension says that its size is subject to annual indexation depending on the growth of consumer prices. Thus, the calculation of the size of the labor pension will depend on changes in several factors at once that affect the standard of living and the pricing of the food basket.

Who can count on pensions

Insurance old-age pension is paid to citizens who have reached retirement age. For women, it is 55 years old, for men - 60. Since 2015, in order to receive an old-age insurance pension, you must have contributions for at least six years.

Persons who monthly pay the insurance premium to the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation can count on pension payments upon reaching the required age if the value of the pension individual coefficientwill be at least 30.

How to take care of your pension

The old pension system, which smoothly passed from Soviet times to modern economic realities, has shown its incapacity. That is why a reform took place that changed the general approach and view on the mandatory monthly deductions of citizens. Today, each person can independently take care of their future pension. It is enough to competently approach this issue, so that later you do not look surprised and say: “Insurance pension - what is it?”. As mentioned above, monthly deductions can affect the amount of future income when it will no longer be possible to work. Thus, you should not hide your salary, so as not to end up with minimal income in the future. You can independently make payments to the funded part and in this way increase the amount of future income.

What is early retirement

Some citizens can receive pension payments earlier than the required period, that is, men - up to the age of sixty, and women - up to fifty-five, respectively. Persons working, for example, in difficult conditions, have the right to receive an early pension. Depending on the length of service in one place, three lists can be distinguished. Which of them an individual belongs to must be specified in the Pension Fund of Russia.

Early pension has many nuances when applying, so a citizen working in difficult working conditions must collectall necessary documents confirming the length of service. It would not be superfluous to include certificates from the workplace in the list of documents, since the work book is not enough.

The structure of the pension system in Russia

Currently, the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation is responsible for the following types of pensions, for which it has the authority to form, assign and pay to disabled segments of the population:

• state pension provision;
• labor;
• non-state.

Depending on the desire, every citizen has the right to form a pension at his own discretion. This applies to the able-bodied population, whose work experience has not yet reached a certain level. For example, you can deduct interest from your income both to state pension funds and to non-state (NPF). If the investor has made a choice in favor of non-state pension funds, then from the moment the agreement is signed, both parties become liable. The citizen undertakes to pay monthly a percentage of his salary, and the fund undertakes to pay him monthly deductions from the moment of disability.

Insurance old-age pension can also be paid through non-state pension funds. Since the beginning of 2015, with the introduction of several reforms regarding payments to non-working citizens, such a feature has appeared: if a citizen’s work experience is less than the established one and the accumulated points are insufficient, then he can receive payments only after five years. Thus, the length of service for a pensionsignificantly depends on the well-being of every person living on the territory of the Russian Federation.

Interesting facts

Recently, namely with the introduction of pension reforms in 2015, the state has assumed responsibility for only one type of mandatory payments - the insurance pension. Therefore, a person who decides to make deductions in favor of the funded system fully assumes such obligations on his own. In any case, the size of the insurance pension will depend on each citizen. The state can only pay the basic benefit and only in certain cases.

For people in positions in agriculture, the government has made small additions to pension points. For example, for workers with more than thirty years of experience and permanently residing in rural areas, an increase in pension is provided.

Mothers of many children will also receive additional points for calculating mandatory state payments.