The meaning of the word "literacy program" in the history of the USSR

2024 Author: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 10:16

By the beginning of the twentieth century, the Russian Empire came up with extremely disappointing indicators in the field of education. Class and financial restrictions, which were subjected to a significant number of the country's inhabitants, led to the fact that in 1897 only 12% of subjects could write and read.

In this regard, it is interesting to know the meaning of the word "literacy program", which appeared in the Russian language in the early years of the USSR. Raising the level of education was one of the priorities throughout the existence of the Soviet regime.

The meaning of the word "literacy program"

The First World War de alt a serious blow to the educational statistics of an already not the most prosperous country. Many western regions were occupied during military operations and returned to the country only during the years of Soviet power.

In the early stages of history, abbreviations and abbreviations were popular in the USSR. That is how the name of the program was formed from the two words "liquidation" and "illiteracy", which aimed to increase the level of literacy in a young country. For someaccording to some, the number of the population who could read and write was about thirty percent, according to others - more than fifty percent.

However, whatever the real numbers were, they were significantly lower than those of neighboring European countries, and the new government needed a large number of literate people ready to develop the economy.

Campaign organization

Considering the meaning of the word "literacy program" in Russian, we should go back to 1919. It was then that a decree was adopted on the elimination of illiteracy, and already in 1920 the Council of Commissioners decided to create a special All-Russian Extraordinary Commission for the elimination of illiteracy, which, according to fashion, received the abbreviated name "VChK literacy program".

In 1922, the first All-Russian Congress dedicated to the elimination of illiteracy was held, as a result of which it was decided to pay special attention to teaching reading and writing to persons from eighteen to thirty years old.

Of course, the priority was the education of workers, members of trade unions and workers of state farms. At the same time, the period of study in literacy courses was seven months. A year later, a special decree determined the number of schools in which citizens were trained, since 1923 their number was 1023.

In order to reduce the number of illiterates as much as possible, in every city where the number of illiterate people exceeded fifteen percent, a special literacy school was to begin work. With unfoldingsuch a broad program, the use of the word "literacy program" in the literature became universal, and over time it was supplemented with new meanings.

Results of the program

First of all, it is worth noting the extremely low starting level of literate people and the limited resources that were available to the young Soviet government. However, despite this, between 1917 and 1927 more than ten million people were trained, and the number of children who regularly attended schools increased to 60%.

Overall, the program has had a very positive impact, as many people have had a chance at an education regardless of their background.

Speaking about what the word "literacy program" means and the significance of this phenomenon for the country in general, we can say that it was the experience of this program that contributed to the introduction of universal school education in the Soviet Union since 1930.