2024 Author: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 10:16
By the beginning of the eighties, the An-24, which was considered the main passenger aircraft of the USSR and was widely used on domestic airlines, became obsolete. In addition, the fleet of these machines began to rapidly decline due to the development of their resource. This also added such a factor as the increased volume of air travel - both passenger and cargo. An-24 no longer met the requirements and needs of the new time. He needed an urgent and high-quality replacement.
In 1982, OKB im. Ilyushin, headed at that time by the chief designer G. V. Novozhilov, took the initiative to build a new type of passenger aircraft, Il-114, for use on local airlines. The foundation for this machine was to be thirty years of experience in operating various modifications of the IL-14.
This initiative was supported by the Minister of Civil Aviation himself, which laid the foundation for the design of the Il-114 local aircraft. Design work continued for a long five years, as they were carried out in parallel with the very laborious development of the Il-96-300 long-range wide-body civil aircraft.
And only in July 1987 a full-scale model of the machine was designed, in which almost all systems of the future IL-114 were reproduced. The most complete reflection in the layout was found in the salon for sixty seats, the cockpit was also modeled in detail. After a detailed and thorough consideration by the mock-up commission of the submitted IL-114 project, a decision was approved to start its mass production.
The aviation production association of Tashkent, which had previously produced many Ilyushin models, was appointed the leading enterprise for the production of this aircraft. The Znamya Truda Moscow aircraft plant, which dates back to 1909, was chosen as the second serial enterprise.
The aircraft was designed from high-strength aluminum and titanium alloys, as well as from a variety of composite and non-metallic materials. The fuel system of this aircraft includes two caisson tanks located in the wing. Their total capacity is 8360 liters.
The main design feature of this machine is that it is schematically designed as a low-wing cantilever monoplane. A pair of TV7-117S turboprop engines is installed on the plane. The propeller diameter is 3.6 meters, and the take-off power of one engine is 2.5 thousand hp. s.
The first flights of aircraft of this model with passengers on board took place only in 1999 (already in another country), when, after repeated tests, it was finally put into operation. Excellent aerodynamicThe quality of the new aircraft, as well as its efficiency, reliability and low maintenance costs should have made the IL-114 a very popular aircraft in the civil aviation system. However, only 17 aircraft were produced. As of 2012, their production in Tashkent has been discontinued.
Today, the modification of this Il-114-100 aircraft is quite actively used, which differs from the “one hundred and fourteenth” by installing more powerful Canadian-made PW-127H engines, which significantly optimized the flight characteristics of this model. This is especially noticeable in the conditions of high mountains and the sultry climate of southern latitudes, for which the IL-114-110, in principle, is intended.
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