Derrick crane: description, characteristics, application, photo

2024 Author: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 10:16

Derrick crane is one of the types of equipment that is used to perform lifting and transport work. The crane itself is a construction mast-boom unit. Most often they are used in facing stone quarries.

General design description

In addition to being used in stone quarries, it is actively used in industrial construction, as well as in some other industries. For example, since the second half of the 19th century, derrick cranes have been used in the mining industry. The main structural elements of the device include the following parts: masts, which are made in the form of large metal structures, booms, struts. In addition to them, there are also parts such as a turntable and a load lifting mechanism. The latter usually consists of such parts as a one- or two-drum winch, as well as a rope. In addition to the listed elements, there are several more that allow you to capture cargo and perform other actions.

Types of taps

If we consider the design in more detail, it is worth noting the presence of two different types of derrick-taps.

The first type is called cable-stayed. The boom of such a crane is mounted in a mast, installed with cable braces, it can rotate 240 degrees. Less often, but still there are designs when the crane can rotate 360 degrees. In addition, it is also capable of tilting to the horizon by 30-75 degrees.

The second type of derrick crane is the hard-legged one. In this case, the boom is installed in the mast, but with the help of rigid struts. However, the angles of rotation, as well as the angles of inclination, remained unchanged and can be rotated within the same limits as cable-stayed ones. As for the length of the boom of this design, it is from 20 to 40 meters, and the height of the mast is 14-20 meters.

As for the use of such devices in facing stone quarries, they are operated there according to a non-transport scheme with top loading, as well as moving the rock mass to the side of the quarry or to the overlying horizon. There are certain rules for the installation of such derrick cranes, which regulate the installation site. If more than one device is required in a quarry, then the second must be installed outside the work of the first and vice versa. In other words, they should not interfere with each other. The lifting capacity of a standard derrick crane, the photo of which is presented, ranges from 15 to 30 tons. The working space that one such crane can serve is from 210 to 840 m2. Here it is also worth paying attention to the radius of action of the crane at the angle of its inclination. If the angle is 30 degrees, then the radius will be from 18 to 36 meters. If the angle is 75 degrees, then the radiusshrink to 6-11 meters.

Distinguishing Features

Since a derrick crane is primarily a handling equipment, it should have its own advantages that will distinguish it from similar devices. The first and very important advantage is the reduction in the cost of excavation, loading and transportation by about 1.5-2 times. The second important advantage is the ability to mechanize excavation and loading, as well as the transportation of rock mass using only one type of equipment. The last is the creation of favorable opportunities for intensifying the deepening of quarries.

UMK-2M

Since there is a wide variety of models of this type of equipment, it is worth considering some of the popular ones. One of these was the UMK-2M derrick crane. The carrying capacity of the machine is 25 tons. This is a special crane, which is designed for hinged assembly of steel superstructures of single-track railway bridges. During installation work, such a crane is usually installed on the upper chords of trusses. This device includes a horizontal frame and 4 supports, as well as a mast, two front struts and two flexible guys. The described equipment also has a base, which is permanent and occupies 11 meters. A distinctive feature is that it is possible to change the gauge of the crane depending on the distance between the main trusses. The range of changes is within 5, 8-8 meters. Convenient enough,that it is possible to transport such a crane along pre-installed special rails. In this case, you can use both the axis of the upper chords of the trusses and the tracks along which the rail carts roll to move.

DK-25/40

Derrick-crane 25/40 has a much higher lifting capacity than UMK-2M. Its maximum weight is 40 tons. As for its main purpose, it can also be used for the construction of steel superstructures of railway tracks. However, this is not all, and it is operated in cases where it is necessary to equip steel-reinforced concrete superstructures and not only for railways, but also for road traffic.

As for its design, the crane has a horizontal frame with four legs and three struts. There is a small but important distinctive feature in the design. The rear brace is flexible and can only take tensile loads. Due to the presence of this flexible strut, it is possible to somewhat reduce the own weight of the structure, and it was also possible to create a self-mounting structure. In order to ensure good stability of the entire platform in this position, the front slopes are set at a certain angle. It can be added that the length of the base, as well as the track width of the DK-25/40 are the same as those of the UMK-2M, that is, the length is 11 meters, and the track varies from 5.8 to 8 meters.

MDK-63

Another faucet thatrefers to rigid-legged structures - this is a derrick crane MDK-63-1100. The equipment is tricycle with two struts. A distinctive feature is that the angle between the struts is exactly 90 degrees. Another interesting fact is that the mast of this type of crane is fixed. In the upper node, it is rigidly fixed with struts, and in the lower node with spacers. But as for the track width, the MDK-63 clearly outperforms the two previous cranes, since the range is from 6 to 14 meters. You can change it with the help of plug-in elements that are installed in special places that change the length of the struts. The track width and base of the device are set based on the conditions for placing the crane on the site to be mounted.

Stick-legged cocks

All of the above devices belonged to rigid-legged structures. There are several common factors that unite them into one group. Firstly, it is one of the main types of material handling equipment used in the construction of bridges. Secondly, the scope of each model directly depends on the characteristics of the cargo characteristics. In this case, we mean the load capacity that the structure is able to maintain at full reach of the boom. In addition, all cranes of this type have one more feature, which lies in the relatively low dead weight of the entire structure.

Conclusion

Based on the foregoing, we can conclude that derrick cranes are used quite widely due to theircharacteristics. In addition, they are able to perform a fairly wide range of tasks, and a wide variety of models allows you to select equipment as accurately as possible to perform the tasks.

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