Sodium hypochlorite grade A: characteristics, application

2024 Author: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-01-07 20:55

Sodium hypochlorite is a chemical material used in various fields as a disinfectant. This compound can be used to disinfect all kinds of surfaces, materials, liquids, etc. There are several varieties of such a substance. Very often, for example, grade A sodium hypochlorite is used as a disinfectant.

What is

This product is marketed as a greenish-yellow liquid. It is obtained by electrolysis of table s alt. Sometimes sodium hypochlorite is also made by chlorinating an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide. The chemical formula of this compound is as follows - NaClO. The main distinguishing feature of grade A sodium hypochlorite is its high antibacterial activity.

In another way, this compound is called "javel" or "labarrac" water. In the free state, sodium hypochlorite is a fairlystill unstable.

Scope of application

Sodium hypochlorite can be produced according to GOST or TU. The first type of funds is used mainly for water disinfection. It could be:

• drinking and technical water in centralized utility networks;

• industrial and domestic wastewater;

• water in swimming pools.

Sodium hypochlorite, produced according to specifications and having a lower quality, is also used, of course, for the purpose of disinfection. This tool, for example, is often used for:

• disinfection of natural and waste water;
• water treatment in fishery reservoirs;
• disinfection in the food industry.

Also, this sodium hypochlorite can be used for the manufacture of various kinds of bleaching agents. The advantages of this compound when used as a disinfectant include environmental safety. In the environment, sodium hypochlorite quickly decomposes into water, s alt and oxygen.

Operation principle

One of the distinguishing features of grade A sodium hypochlorite is that it can have a detrimental effect on pathogens of various types. That is, it can be assigned to the group of universal disinfectants.

When dissolved in water, this compound, like ordinary bleach, forms an acid, which has a disinfecting effect. Education formuladisinfectant is as follows:

• NaClO + H_{20 / NaOH + HClO.}

Such a reaction is equilibrium. The formation of hypochlorous acid depends primarily on the pH of the water and its temperature.

Destroy sodium hypochlorite in water, for example, the following types of bacteria:

• pathogenic enterococci;
• fungus Candida albicans;
• some varieties of anaerobic bacteria.

This remedy kills harmful microorganisms not only effectively, but also very quickly - within 15-30 seconds.

Sodium Hypochlorite Grade A Specifications

As already mentioned, this compound is a greenish liquid. The technical characteristics of this disinfectant are as follows:

• mass concentration of chlorine - minimum 190 g/dm3;
• light transmission coefficient - minimum 20%;
• alkali concentration - 10-20 g/dm3 in terms of NaOH;
• iron concentration - no more than 0.02 g/dm3.

Active chlorine in the composition of this compound can reach up to 95%.

Transportation and storage

Sodium hypochlorite can be spilled into different types of containers. Most often it is transported in rubberized steel railway tanks. This material can be packaged in containers made of fiberglass and polyethylene. also inBarrels and glass bottles can be used as containers. By road, sodium hypochlorite is transported in containers in compliance with relevant safety standards.

This compound should be stored in unheated rooms. At the same time, sunlight should not be allowed to reach the stored sodium hypochlorite. In large volumes, this material is usually stored in rubber-coated steel containers or in containers coated with corrosion-resistant materials.

Unfortunately, grade A sodium hypochlorite is not guaranteed. Enterprises responsible for water disinfection must independently check the suitability of this product before use. The quality of this compound must not be lower than recommended by the regulatory documentation for the disinfection of these specific objects.

Package Marking

There is no shelf life for grade A sodium hypochlorite. Before use, this compound is checked for quality by the consumer companies themselves. But of course, organizations involved in water disinfection should have certain information about what kind of product they buy.

Of course, containers with sodium hypochlorite, as with any other chemical compound, are labeled, which should, among other things, contain:

• manufacturer's name and contacts;
• name of the actual product itself and its brand;
• batch number and dateworkmanship.

Basic rules of use

In order for water disinfection to be effective, of course, only high-quality grade A sodium hypochlorite is needed for this procedure. According to the current standards of GOST (modified, edition No. days of shipment in this connection must not exceed 30%.

Also, the regulations do not prohibit the use of brand A sodium hypochlorite manufactured according to TU or GOST (with changes), which has changed its color to red-brown. This compound also disinfects water very effectively.

Safety

It is sodium hypochlorite, although non-flammable, but very caustic. Therefore, when working with him, specialists must necessarily protect their hands and eyes. Hazard class of sodium hypochlorite brand A - II (chlorine). This disinfectant can cause severe burns if it comes into contact with the skin. If this compound gets into the eyes, a person may even go blind. Inhalation of the vapors from this product may cause choking and irritant effects.

Use sodium hypochlorite for disinfection personnel should wear overalls using special equipment:

• in BKF or B gas mask;
• rubber gloves;
• safety glasses;
• special costumes.

The area of skin that has been inadvertently exposed to this compound should be flushed with copious amounts of running water for at least10 min. If splashes get into the eyes of the victim, take them to a doctor. Before this, of course, a thorough rinsing should also be done.

Produced in accordance with GOST 11086-76 grade A sodium hypochlorite, when dried, can cause spontaneous combustion of various kinds of organic substances. Therefore, it is impossible to store this compound in the same room, for example, with sawdust or rags.

Other brands

In addition to grade A sodium hypochlorite, NaClO can be used as a disinfectant:

• brand B;
• B;
• G;
• E.

Such solutions are less concentrated (with the exception of grade B sodium hypochlorite, manufactured according to specifications). NaClO grade E, in addition, is not a green liquid, but a colorless one. Packages containing hypochlorite B, among other things, must bear the inscription “Not suitable for the disinfection of drinking water and in swimming pools.”

Compounds of this brand can be used mainly for bleaching fabrics. Also, such sodium hypochlorite can be used as an oxidizing agent in the vitamin industry.