Depreciation coefficient and other indicators of the state of fixed assets of the enterprise

2024 Author: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-01-02 13:48

No matter how modern the production equipment is, it inevitably wears out over time, nothing can be done about it. However, this process can be slowed down if planned and major repairs are carried out, as well as reconstruction and modernization. The following documents serve as the basis for such work:

• data and standards on the timing of repairs;

• estimates for repairs;

• information on the initial and current value of objects related to fixed assets of the enterprise;

• various defective lists.

The very word "wear and tear" means a decrease in the production resource of fixed assets, their natural aging and gradual loss of value. To assess it, a number of indicators are used, the main of which is the depreciation coefficient of fixed assets. In addition to it, the shelf life rate, the retirement rate and the renewal rate are also often calculated. Timely periodic calculation of these indicatorsallows the company to always be on the alert, form a reserve of expenses for the repair and renewal of its production facilities in time, plan the modernization and reconstruction of its equipment.

Now let's consider how these indicators are calculated. First we will have a wear factor. The formula for this index is:

K_{wear=Amount of depreciation (depreciation) / Book (initial) cost of fixed assets.}

The depreciation coefficient shows the level of depreciation of fixed assets. The smaller it is, the better the physical condition of the production property of the enterprise. The depreciation factor is usually calculated on a specific date. Usually take the beginning and end of the past year. The source for its calculation is accounting form No. 20, which reflects the presence and movement of absolutely all fixed assets (PF) of the enterprise.

For clarity, let's take this example. Let's assume that a certain joint-stock company has PF at the beginning of 2012 amounted to 5200 thousand rubles, at the end of the year - 5550 thousand rubles. The amount of depreciation in this case, respectively, was at the level of 1400 and 1410 thousand rubles. Thus, the wear factor at the beginning of 2012 will be equal to 1400/5200=0.2692 or 26.92%. At the end of the year, this figure was 1410/5550=0.2541 or 25.41%. What do these numbers say?

They indicate a slight improvement in the physical condition of PF society. Depreciation factor during the yeardecreased by 0.2692-0.2541=0.0151 or 1.51%.

Expiry factor (K_{year) is the indicator directly opposite to the indicator discussed above. It is defined like this:}

K_{year=Residual value of FA / Book (original) value of FA.}

Like the previous indicator, it is advisable to consider it in dynamics. It shows what percentage the residual value is in the book value at a certain point in time. The shelf life coefficient shows the level of suitability of funds for further exploitation.

Renewal coefficient (K_{renewal) is another very important indicator that shows what part of the cost of fixed assets at the end of the period chosen for calculation is new production fixed assets. It is calculated as follows:}

К_{update=New OF / Cost of all OF at the end of the selected period.}

The source of information for calculation, as a rule, is the balance sheet, and the balance sheet is taken for accounting, i.e. initial cost. It should be noted that the renewal of funds can occur not only as a result of the purchase of modern equipment, but also due to the modernization of those fixed assets that the enterprise has in stock.