2024 Author: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 10:16
The concept of "rolling stock" can include all units of equipment involved in freight or passenger traffic on the railway network. The rolling stock of Russian Railways includes cars of various categories, locomotives. It is subdivided into special purpose, passenger and cargo trains by type of transportation.
You can also give the following classification of PS:
- Traction: locomotives (electric locomotives, steam locomotives, diesel locomotives).
- Not self-propelled: wagons (platforms, gondola cars, grain carriers, tanks, etc.).
- Motor-carriages: metro, electric trains, railcars.
- Composition special. destination: self-propelled vehicles, trolleys.
The creators of the transport in question are currently machine-building enterprises of the country and abroad, locomotive and car building plants, metallurgical plants.
The first carriages in Russia began to be produced in the middle of the 18th century. As an independent industrial branch, car building stands out by the mid-40s of the 18th century. At that time, the construction of the Moscow-St. Petersburg railway began, and it was for the construction of wagonsfor this road in Leningrad, a state-owned foundry and mechanical Alexander plant was allocated.
The main railway feature of that time was that the rolling stock was more likely to be designed to transport people. As a rule, carriages for passengers were built, plying in suburban destinations. They had no toilets, buffets, or even beds, only places to sit.
The first cars were two-axle, the frame and body were made of wood. Their connection was chain. The rolling stock for the transportation of passengers of that time was significantly different from the modern one.
The next stimulus for the development of the railway industry was the transition of Russia from feudalism to capitalism through the reforms of 1861. Since 1863, the production of cars began using a two-axle design.
In 1859, a semblance of a modern gondola car appeared at the Alexander Plant - an open car, as well as a powder truck and a car for explosives.
At the same time, due to the need to move perishable goods (foodstuffs, mainly), an isothermal wagon fleet appeared.
In 1875, the Ministry of Railways (MPS) issued an order, which spoke of bringing all covered wagons to the same type of “normal size” (64002743 mm). This was dictated by the size of military equipment and the mass transportation of troops.
From the second half of the 90s. there was an increase in industrial production, which led to the expansionconstruction of railways, the rolling stock again found innovations. The need for wagons for the transport of bulk cargo grew. The production of such has increased significantly.
In 1880, near the village of Bolshiye Mytishchi, the construction of the Mytishchi Carriage Works began.
In 1896, the construction of the Verkhnevolzhsky plant for the construction of wagons began.
In 1897, it was reborn as a wagon factory for the production of cartridge boxes, camp kitchens and phaetons.
And so factories appeared in the vastness of the country with only one goal - to create a perfect rolling stock capable of meeting the needs of the state in transportation.
At present, the number of wagons and locomotives can be called sufficient for the country, but the technical condition of these should be well thought out. One thing pleases: the construction of equipment of this kind has not been interrupted for a year since its inception.
Recommended:
Rolling stock locksmith: ranks, training, profession description
This position is divided into ranks. A rolling stock repairman, in order to receive the next category, must undergo advanced training and work at the relevant enterprise for at least one year. Employers pay attention to employees with good physical fitness
Russia's record external debt and the outflow of capital from the country: what the numbers say and what to expect in the future
If you look at the numbers describing the state of Russia's external debt, 2013 promises to be another record high. According to preliminary data, as of October 1, the total amount of borrowings broke a record and amounted to approximately $719.6 billion. This value is more than 13% higher than the same indicator at the end of 2012. At the same time, the Central Bank predicts an outflow of capital from the Russian Federation at the level of 62 billion this year
Ukrainian railway: condition, rolling stock, enterprise structure. Map of railways of Ukraine
Ukraine ranks 15th in the world in terms of the length of the railway network. The total length of all railways in the country is 21,700 km. One third of them are electrified. In our article, we will briefly talk about Ukrainian railways, their rolling stock and the current state
The cheapest real estate in the world: country ranking, top 10, country selection, exchange rates, personal preferences and convenience of living
Despite any crises, the demand for real estate in the world is quite high. But still, with a sufficiently large demand outside of Russia, you can find good housing with a fairly small budget. Although it should be understood that the worse the economic situation in the country, the lower the cost of housing
Depot is the home of rolling stock
The article details what a depot is. Examples of what depots exist are given. Some of the works that are carried out in the depot are listed
