What are the work schedules at the enterprises?

2024 Author: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 10:16

What are the work schedules at the enterprise or in the company? This question is asked by every person who wants to optimize their work activity for certain reasons. This article will answer this question.

General information

The basis in this case is the Labor Code of the Russian Federation. And if you are interested in the answer to the question of what work schedules are, then first of all you should contact him. So, according to the legislation, the following working hours are regulated in our country (they are established by internal regulations or collective agreements):

1. One-shift normal operation.
2. Irregular day.
3. Flexible working hours.
4. Shift work mode.
5. Watch.
6. Fractured working day.

Here are the general work schedules. Now let's take a closer look at each of the possible options.

One-shift normal operation

It relies on a time tracking system. He may be a daytimeweekly and summed. The legislation stipulates the features and specifics in articles 100 and 104 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation. The first two are the most common. Summary accounting is a rather exclusive approach in our realities. It provides as a basis for a longer period than one day or a week. In addition, it is also a peculiar form of labor organization. The minimum duration can be one month, while the maximum is a year. But there is also something similar. So, everything is organized in such a way that for the accounting period of time a person has worked out on average the norm of the working day. The maximum duration of a shift with summarized accounting is not limited by law and in practice is usually about 8-12 hours.

Irregular day

This is a special mode of operation whereby employees are called in episodically at the request of the employer to perform their functions beyond the normal duration. The list of positions with such conditions is established and fixed within the framework of a special collective agreement, agreement or labor regulations, which is valid within the organization. The peculiarity in this case is that the employee works out the general norm in the organization, and is periodically delayed at the request of the employer additionally in order to fulfill his labor duties. Here is what happens to the work schedule of employees at the enterprise.

It should be noted that workers can only be recruited forperformance of their direct functions, which are listed in the employment contract. The legislation has its own restrictions regarding persons that can remain after the main working hours. So, it initially refers to persons of managerial, technical, administrative and economic personnel. This also applies to those employees whose work cannot be accounted for in time, or they distribute it at their own discretion. This includes people who, due to the nature of the work, it is divided into parts that do not have a specific time duration.

Flexible working hours

So, we continue to consider what work schedules are. This approach began to take root in the 1980s. Initially, his target was women, but then the rights of both sexes were equalized. This form of labor organization allows, within certain limits, self-regulation in matters of the beginning, total duration and end of the day. But at the same time, it is necessary to fully work out the total number of working hours established by law. The basis for this form of work organization are flexible schedules. They are established as part of the agreement when hiring an employee. Additionally, they require a separate order from the employer. The use of flexible working hours is carried out in cases where regular schedules are undesirable for certain reasons (social, domestic, and so on) or are ineffective. Also, a similar approach to the organization can be applied for the optimal use of the workforce.time and more coordinated teamwork. It is inappropriate to use such a model in multi-shift work and continuous production.

Considered earlier, to a greater extent applies to non-manufacturing enterprises and office institutions. Now let's look at what shift work schedules are. That is, how production facilities work.

Shift work mode

This is the name of the activity that is carried out by several "waves" of people throughout the day. An example would be a standard job with three shifts of eight hours each. In this case, as a rule, employees work at different times of the day. This approach is used in cases where the duration of the production process is higher than the duration of daily work. It can also be used in cases where there is a need to use equipment more efficiently, to increase the volume of products created at the same capacities. The work schedule implies that one shift will enter the active phase immediately after the second one.

Watch

This is a special regime for the implementation of the labor process, which is located at a considerable distance from the permanent place of residence of workers, when their daily return home is not possible. It is used to reduce the time required to complete certain jobs, usually in remote and/or uninhabited areas. Applicable also to areas with specialnatural conditions. The specificity of this form of labor organization is the fact that workers live in specially created shift camps. They usually have a complex of residential buildings and special facilities that provide people with livelihoods during their stay in the area. All personnel are interchangeable. Here are the work schedules. It was the penultimate mode.

Fractured workday

We have already considered almost all the options for what work schedules are. Now let's pay attention to the last of them. The division of the working day into separate parts is regulated by Article 105 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation. This approach is used in cases where there is a special nature of labor (for example, unequal intensity). But the total duration of work should not exceed the established norm. The legislation does not define the number of parts into which it can be divided. In practice, division into two separate periods of time is most often used. For separation, a break is used, the duration of which is not more than two hours. It also includes lunch time. Breaks are not paid.