Large Russian enterprises. Industrial enterprises of Russia

2024 Author: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 10:16

Industry is an important component of the country's economic complex. Its leading role is determined by the fact that it supplies all sectors of the economy with new materials and tools. Among other industries, it stands out for its regional and complex-forming functions.

Briefly about Russian industry

Today, the number of enterprises in Russia is approaching the mark of 460 thousand, they provide jobs for almost 15 million people, the volume of their products has exceeded the mark of 21 billion rubles. The industry of our country is characterized by a complex diversified and diversified structure, reflecting changes in the improvement of productive forces, in the development of the territorial division of labor. It is directly related to scientific and technological progress.

Classification

Modern industrial enterprises in Russia are characterized by a fairly high level of specialization. As a result of the deepening division of labor, various branches, sub-sectors and types of production arose. Histogether they form a sectoral structure. In the current current classification, eleven complex industries are identified, such as electric power, fuel, ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy, metalworking and mechanical engineering, petrochemical and chemical, pulp and paper, forestry, woodworking, food, light industry. This division is determined by many economic and social factors, the main of which are: technical progress, level of development, social and historical conditions, natural resources, production skills of the local population.

Industry is usually divided into:

• Producing. This includes industries associated not only with the extraction of minerals, but also their enrichment. In addition, it includes fishing for marine animals, fish and seafood.
• Processing. This includes industrial enterprises in Russia engaged in the processing of products from the extractive industry. In addition, it also includes the processing of forest and agricultural raw materials. This industry is the basis of the entire heavy industry of the country.

The largest enterprises in Russia. OAO Gazprom

Let's consider the top seven in the ranking of the largest companies in our country. In compiling this list, their assets, revenues and profits were taken into account. Mostly, the list of giants included Russian chemical enterprises, or rather, one of the branches of this industry - oil production. But first things first.

So, the undisputed leader is Gazprom. This Russian gas company was founded in 1989. It operates in the gas production and gas distribution industry. Gazprom ranks fifteenth in the world in terms of its assets, and in terms of revenue, it ranks 24th in the ranking of global companies. The company's gas transportation system is 160,000 kilometers long and is the longest on our planet. 51 percent of the company's shares are owned by the state. The market value of Gazprom exceeds 156 billion US dollars, its turnover is 150 billion dollars, and its assets are estimated at more than 303 billion dollars. This enterprise provides jobs for more than four hundred thousand people.

JSC Lukoil

Considering large enterprises in Russia, one cannot fail to mention this company. She takes second place in our ranking. This enterprise was organized in 1991. The main activity of the OJSC is the exploration, production, processing and sale of oil and natural gas. Until 2007, it was the largest black gold mining company; in terms of revenue, it occupies the second position after Gazprom. At the beginning of 2011, in terms of hydrocarbon reserves, Lukoil was considered the third company in the world ranking of private enterprises, and in terms of oil reserves, it was the first in the world. Thus, its market value is more than 55 billion dollars; assets - $90.6 billion; turnover - 105 billion dollars; annual revenue - 111.4 billion dollars; profit - 10.4 billion dollars. This enterprise provides jobs for more than one hundred and fifty thousandman.

Rosneft OJSC

This company is also included in the list of Russian enterprises whose assets can compete with the world's giants. JSC was established in 1993. Its main activity is exploration operations, oil and gas production, as well as the production of petroleum products and petrochemicals. An interesting fact is that since 2007 the company has surpassed its competitor Lukoil in terms of oil production thanks to the purchase of Yukos assets. The cost of this enterprise is about 80 billion dollars; turnover - 63 billion dollars; revenue - about 60 billion dollars; assets - $106 billion; profit reaches 11.3 billion dollars. Rosneft provides jobs for about 170,000 people.

Sberbank of Russia OJSC

This organization confirms that large state-owned enterprises in Russia work not only in the extractive industries, the fourth place in our rating is occupied by a financial company. OJSC is a universal banking structure, as it provides a fairly wide range of services. Thus, according to 2009 data, its share in the Russian deposit market was more than 50 percent, and the loan portfolio amounted to more than thirty percent of loans that were issued throughout the country. The market value of Sberbank is about $75 billion; share of assets - 282.4 billion dollars; profit - 31.8 billion dollars. The company provides jobs for more than 240 thousand people.

JSC TNK-BPHolding"

This enterprise was organized relatively recently - in 2003. Its specialization is oil production and its processing. The basis for its creation was the parity principles of TNK and British BP. The holding's market value is $51.6 billion; revenue - 60.2 billion dollars; profit reaches 9 billion dollars. The enterprise provides jobs for more than 50 thousand people.

JSC Surgutneftegaz

Large enterprises of Russia were replenished with another "oil pump", he took the sixth place in our rating. JSC was founded in 1990 and is one of the largest oil and gas companies in the country. The enterprise is registered in the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug, in the city of Surgut, where its headquarters is located. The estimated cost is about $40 billion; assets - $46.6 billion; revenue - 20.3 billion dollars; profit - 4.3 billion dollars. Surgutneftegaz provides jobs for more than 110 thousand people.

JSC VTB Bank

Finishes our list with another financial institution. The beginning of its activity is 1990, before that the enterprise was called Vneshtorgbank. This commercial organization was able to bypass Sberbank of Russia in terms of the size of the authorized capital, and in terms of assets it took a strong second place. The head office of the company is located in Moscow, but the place of registration is the cultural capital of Russia - St. Petersburg. The company's market value, according to preliminary estimates, is $26.4 billion; equity capital - $19.7 billion;assets - $139.3 billion; revenue - 12.6 billion dollars. The enterprise provides jobs for almost 70 thousand people.

As you can see, only oil and gas companies and financial institutions were included in the rating. However, large Russian enterprises are not limited only to the mining sector, even if they do not have so many assets and such cosmic profits, but they also have something to brag about. For example, some of them even got into the Guinness Book of Records. However, more on that later.

Production enterprises of Russia. Izhora Plant

This company, although it cannot compete with the leaders of our rating, is known and respected all over the world. This plant is one of the largest on the planet, capable of producing almost any part. And some of them are not produced anywhere else. The enterprise belongs to the sub-sector of heavy engineering. It is located in Kolpino (St. Petersburg). The range of this plant includes powerful excavators, rolling and power equipment, sheet and long products, and much more. The enterprise in Kolpino is the only manufacturer of vessels for nuclear reactors in the Russian Federation.

Uralvagonzavod

Russian defense enterprises include more than 1200 plants of various profiles. Many of them are widely known, and their products often have no analogues in the world. However, in this article we consider enterprises from the standpoint of their size, in connection with thisattention should be focused on Uralvagonzavod. Due to its size, it got into the Guinness Book of Records and is considered the largest enterprise on the planet, its area is 827 thousand square meters. It is located in the Sverdlovsk region, in the city of Nizhny Tagil. In fact, it is a research and production corporation that is engaged in both the development and production of new types of military equipment, road construction machines, and railway cars. The corporation includes manufacturing enterprises, a design office and research institutes. The state owns the entire stake in this enterprise.

In closing

Despite the practically never-ending global economic crises, Russia continues to be an industrial world power. Quite recently (on a historical scale), our country has dramatically changed its course of development, and today no one will reproach Russians for their lack of desire to work, to build their future already in the conditions of capitalist realities. Let skeptics say that the share of industrial production in Russia is inexorably declining and only the extractive industries remain in demand, that almost all raw materials are exported. Of course, there is some truth in these words, but it should be understood that, as in the wild, the strongest survive here. In recent years, the construction complex and industrial enterprises of Russia have been rapidly developing towards a major re-equipment and re-equipment of factories to work according to new standards andtechnologies. Now the focus is on economically justified production volumes with a minimum number of workers. This is achieved thanks to high-tech equipment and an increase in the share of automation of the production process.

This trend has led to a significant increase in the number of factories over the past ten years. As a result, for ease of orientation in this mass of companies, a directory was developed from which you can find out how many enterprises there are in Russia, their contact details, what they produce and a lot of other information that will be useful to both entrepreneurs and ordinary people. This idea was implemented as part of the project "All Industry of Russia".