Accounting for funds on the current account and at the cash desk of the enterprise

2024 Author: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 10:16

The activity of any enterprise, one way or another, is connected with cash or non-cash payments. Accounting for funds, cash and non-cash, is reflected in accounting on accounts:

50 - cash desk, where transactions related to cash payments are reflected;

51 - current account where cashless transactions are carried out through a bank;

52 – applies if the company has settlements in foreign currency;

55 - funds held on check books, letters of credit, corporate bank cards;

57 - funds for which an operation was carried out on the enterprise, but for some reason did not arrive on a certain date on the bank.

In general, cash accounting is mainly carried out on accounts 50 and 51. It is through these accounts that most financial transactions take place.

Accounting for funds on the current account is carried out for settlements between enterprises with the help of credit institutions.

The main operations performed with a current account are the transfer of funds by payment orders to pay for goods, materials, services. Also, calculations are made with the budget, but there is one more moment when the tax authorities can withdraw the amount from the current account to pay for overdue debts and tax pen alties. Collection is made according to the payment request without acceptance. According to the payment request, you can also settle with the recipient organization, for example, services, but in this case with the acceptance of the payment request. You can also withdraw cash from a current account using a checkbook for certain purposes: paying salaries, purchasing products, etc. The purposes indicated in the checkbook for which funds are withdrawn must be documented.

Accounting for funds is controlled using a bank statement. It reflects both all receipts to the current account and disposals with the provision of analytical data on counterparties. Payment orders and supplier invoices are attached to the statement.

Currently, banks are working towards contactless customer service. With the help of the Internet and the program "Bank-client", ("Sberbank Online"), the company conducts transactions on the current account.

Accounting for funds at the enterprise through the cash register is kept on account 50. Cash settlements are made for settlements with employees on wages, for settlements with suppliers, for the issuance of funds under the report.

Legal entities can make settlements, but there is a limitation: onethe contract should not be more than 100 thousand rubles. Also, enterprises are required to submit to the bank at the beginning of the year the calculation of the cash limit, which is approved in a certain amount for each day. Daily cash receipts must be spent or collected so that the cash balance does not exceed the approved limit.

Accounting for funds is carried out using primary documents: receipts, expenditure orders - as well as keeping records of all transactions in the cash report and cash book. Primary documents must correspond to the form of unified documents and be filled out on ready-made forms or by printing on a computer. The cash book, similarly, can be generated in electronic form, if accounting is kept in the program, but it must be printed daily and pinned into a binder, then sewn and laced at the end of the reporting period.