Zmievskaya TPP, Kharkiv region

2025 Author: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Last modified: 2025-01-24 13:10

Zmiivska Thermal Power Plant is one of the most powerful TPPs in Ukraine. The heat and power supply of three regions depends on its work: Poltava, Sumy, Kharkov. The design capacity reaches 2400 MW. Currently, the enterprise is undergoing a large-scale reconstruction in order to transfer the station to gas coal.

Creation

In 1955, the construction of the basic state district power station began near Kharkov, which became the main supplier of energy for the industrial centers of the region. The first unit was put into operation in 1960, the station reached its design capacity only in 1969.

For that time, the station's capacity - 2400 MW - was a record. For a long time, Zmievskaya TPP was one of the flagships of the USSR energy industry. By 1979, 200 billion kilowatts had been generated, and on February 9, 2006, the bar of 500 billion kilowatts was reached. And today the importance of thermal power plants can hardly be overestimated. It is one of the top 5 energy generating companies in Ukraine.

Development

OnZmievskaya TPP introduced the most advanced technologies in the industry. The first head power unit made it possible to generate 200 MW, which was a European record. Also, for the first time in the country, the pulverized coal block was modernized with an increase in capacity to 275 MW. In parallel, an ACS (automatic control system) was introduced, which allows remote control of each technological process: from the moment of start-up to a complete stop. Unlike similar industries, Zmievskaya thermal power plant does not have a significant environmental impact due to the installation of the most modern filtration systems and treatment facilities.

THP allows the use of anthracite coal, fuel oil and gas as fuel. But it is anthracite mined in the neighborhood, in the Donbass, that is the main raw material. One kilometer from the station, a settlement of power engineers Komsomolskoye has been erected, with a population of more than 17,500 people.

Problems and Solutions

The conflict in Donbas has led to a catastrophic shortage of anthracite, which is the main fuel for the Zmievskaya TPP. According to technological standards, gas coals cannot be poured into boilers without structural changes. Anthracites are fundamentally different from coals of the gas group. When using the pulverized combustion method, the safety standards for them are completely different.

Anthracites are poorly flammable low-reactivity raw materials. Gas coal, on the contrary, has qualitatively different conditions for ignition. If it is burned, there is a risk of fire and explosion in fuel systems.preparation.

The solution to the problem lies in the costly refurbishment of boilers and equipment. Since March 2017, the Zmievskaya thermal power plant (Kharkov) has been decommissioning and dismantling the equipment of the 2nd unit. In the near future, the dismantling of equipment at Unit 5 will also begin. A project is being implemented to transfer the power units of thermal power plants to the combustion of coals of the gas group "DG" and "G" instead of anthracite.

The reconstruction option required a separate calculation of the volume of replacement of components and parts of boilers (manufactured in the 60s at the plants of the RSFSR) and an assessment of the cost of measures for working on new explosive and flammable fuel.

Modernization plans

Ukrainian thermal power plants and thermal power plants annually consume about 9 million tons of anthracite. The re-equipment of only two boilers TP-100 with a capacity of 200-300 MW at the Zmievskaya TPP will allow replacing about 1 million tons of anthracite with a gas group of coal. According to the project, the launch of the converted Unit 2 is scheduled for September 1, 2017, and on October 15, 2017 on the 5th.

Implementation of an innovative project contributes to:

• Improving the reliability of the Ukrainian unified energy system.
• Diversify and reduce dependence on supply disruptions.
• Stimulation of industrial production by attracting Ukrainian manufacturers and contractors to perform technological work on re-equipment of boiler units.

At the moment, PJSC "Centrenergo" and all contractors have developed the necessarydocumentation on the transfer of blocks No. 2 and No. 5 to the combustion of coal of grade "G". The Kharkov boiler-mechanical plant manufactured separate units for boilers, the total weight of which reaches 540 tons. The design of equipment for supplying, storing, receiving coal was carried out by the Kharkov Institute "TEP-SOYUZ". The design of structural changes to the structure has also been completed, and fire prevention measures have been approved.