Types of property insurance. Voluntary insurance of property of citizens of the Russian Federation. Property insurance of legal entities

2024 Author: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 10:16

Voluntary property insurance of citizens of the Russian Federation is one of the most effective ways to protect your interests if a person owns some property. However, this is not the only way to keep your valuables in order, and in case of a disaster, get some money. There are different conditions for property insurance, and specialized companies offer a huge number of tariffs. Some firms also allow the client to determine the features of a particular insurance contract. What is the essence of such cooperation?

What is it about?

In general, property insurance rates offered by modern specialized organizations involve the protection of some property. It can be paintings or buildings, cargo or cars, investments. You can count on compensation prescribed in the contract if an insured event occurs. The features of this situation are also clearly indicated in the agreement concluded between the initiator of the contract and the insured. There is crop insurance, you can arrange product protection.

In the classic version of the insurancea case is a flood, fire, a man-made disaster, theft or an invasion of the elements. If a livestock insurance contract has been concluded and an event covered by the contract has occurred, the owner of the livestock can count on monetary compensation. Since the owners working with the company regularly send certain amounts to its address, the insurer forms a fund. It is from him that the due is paid when the appropriate case occurs.

Some highlights

In accordance with the current legislation, insurance of personal property is carried out under an agreement that any citizen of the country is en titled to conclude, but no one has obligations to enter into such legal relations. But the legal entity must necessarily conclude an agreement. All cases when insurance of buildings, foundations and other property must be issued without fail are listed in the current laws of our country.

According to the concluded agreement, the client may receive some compensation for losses. In some cases it will be complete, but not always. A proportional or some specific amount is allowed. From examples in practice: any person who owns a deposit in a bank faces insurance. It is no secret that under the state program all deposits are insured for 1.4 million, and in the event of an insured event, you can count on a refund of the amount within the specified upper limit. The term of property insurance is determined by the contract, for each caseconcluded on an individual basis. These can be both short-term agreements and quite long ones.

About agreement

A contract stipulating the specifics of insurance of agricultural crops, housing, buildings or funds is concluded between the owner of this property and the company offering the corresponding service. In order for the contract to be valid and the conditions fair, before the actual execution, an assessment of the property to be protected is carried out. The amount does not exceed the real value of the insured. Take into account the values determined on the date when the agreement is concluded.

Usually, apartment, building, fund, crop insurance is concluded for a year or more, although in some cases you can contact the insurer for a shorter contract. In case of long-term cooperation, the agreement indicates the need for regular recalculation of the price of insured objects. If you plan to insure an apartment, you need to understand that it is not necessary to insure the full cost - you can apply for a program only for a part. In addition, the same object can be issued under the insurance program in several companies at once, but the compensation will still be within the real value of the property.

Insurance: legal entities

The work of legal entities with insurance companies has a number of specific features. In some cases, mandatory types of property insurance are relevant, the need for which is stipulated in the currentlaws. In addition, each enterprise, organization has the right to conclude a voluntary insurance contract if it considers it reasonable and profitable.

In general, compulsory types of property insurance are relevant when working with state property, with objects that have been assigned a hazard rating above average. It is necessary to take out insurance on collateral values bought on credit or received under the car leasing program. The conclusion of an agreement on various types of property insurance involves both a comprehensive service of everything that is in the possession of a legal entity, and part of its property. The damage is compensated only if the company can prove that it is not at fault for what happened. In order for the cost of the insured property to be reimbursed by agreement, it is necessary to officially document the fact of the insured event.

Individuals: insure wisely

Many building owners in the private sector are wondering if it is profitable to insure a private house against fire, whether it is worth registering for participation in such a program and what rules it will be concluded under. Currently, the law does not oblige to insure the property of an individual without fail, at the same time, many banks will not give a loan for transport or housing without an insurance contract.

At present, the American, European practice of insuring a private house against fire, savings from a banking crisis and participation in other programs affects up to 90% of the population, while in our country on a voluntary basis in such programsno more than three percent of citizens participate. At the conclusion of the agreement, the amounts are clearly prescribed, and payments upon the occurrence of the event must fully or partially cover the damage suffered by the person. The maximum possible compensation is determined by the value of property insurance agreed upon at the conclusion of the contract, the price of the object itself and a number of other factors, including the limits on payments established by the insurance company itself.

We insure ourselves on a voluntary basis

This type of property insurance assumes that a certain person, on his own initiative, enters into legal relations with an insurance organization. To regulate this area of social interactions in our country, several federal laws were adopted, as well as a number of paragraphs of the codes. In particular, in 2013, a legislative act dedicated to the insurance business came into force. It is this document that regulates the types of property insurance and the specifics of cooperation programs.

If an organization enters a voluntary program on its own initiative, the costs that it bears in accordance with this participation should be included in the “Other” column. This includes both production and selling expenses due to the insurance program. Cooperation under a voluntary insurance contract has clearly defined time limits. They are specified in the conditions in the documentation confirming the legal relationship.

Insurance: Mandatory

This form of protection of interests, property, as follows fromthe current legislation of our country, is relevant primarily for legal entities. The laws declare that compulsory insurance makes it possible to protect property received on lease, under a leasing agreement, as well as property owned by the state, which is an object of pledge or personal. Damage is compensated for either the entire complex of insured property, or a part of it - this follows from the terms of a specific contract.

In the insurance contract, typical risks are necessarily indicated, which can be supplemented if there are prerequisites for this. Special insurance rules were adopted and passed state registration. This document specifies the conditions under which compulsory property insurance is carried out. The agreement should clearly stipulate liability in the event of an insured event, all monetary values, the result of the assessment, the procedure for payment in the event of an event and the rules by which the insurance organization compensates for the damage.

Insurance: monetary aspect

The agreement concluded between the owner of the property and the insurance organization clearly establishes the value of the property that is the object of legal relations. It is determined by a number of factors. It is necessary to evaluate the value, take into account the degree of wear and specify a list of risk factors. In addition, the amount to be reimbursed upon the occurrence of an insured event, deductible is stipulated.

On many insurance websites, you can use a calculator online that gives a fairly accurate idea ofprice for services. However, when concluding an insurance contract for property online, it is usually not possible to apply for participation in the program. You will have to visit the office, where the manager will calculate the exact values, based on the characteristics of the particular case. Different companies are ready to offer quite significantly different conditions. There are several types of policies issued under the insurance program. Each citizen, organization has the right to choose exactly the option that best satisfies the goals set for the client.

Insurance: following the rules

The current laws establish the rules that govern the legal relationship between the insured and the client. Some of them are applicable only to individuals, others are established for legal entities, but some are also universal. The insurance rules registered in a special instance contain general provisions and an explanation of the terms used in this area, as well as prescribe the procedure for entering into legal relations. When concluding an agreement, the rules specify the terms of cooperation, the objects to which it applies, and the tariffs at which the program is implemented. Be sure to indicate all types of risks and a list of conditions under which it is necessary to issue a refund.

The rules established by laws and declared by an agreement with a particular company necessarily contain franchise conditions, the principles by which the price of objects is calculated, the amount of damage, payments in the event of an insured event. It is imperative to spell out howthese payments were made, what responsibility falls on the parties by virtue of the entry into legal relations, in what order it is possible to resolve the conflicts that have arisen during the interaction. Also, specific rules by agreement may contain other provisions at the discretion of the client and the insurance company.

Property insurance: types

The modern approach to insurance services involves dividing clients into groups, objects into types, risks into types, and agreements into conditions. Different types of insurance must be prescribed in the activity license issued by the insurer before starting work. Insurance can be mandatory, voluntary, individuals, legal entities.

An alternative method for classifying insurance programs into types - by accounting for the object of the agreement. It can be a vehicle, a building, an agricultural facility, property of an ordinary person or owned by a legal entity. Within the framework of the program, it is possible to insure a residential building and an industrial, production or auxiliary building, including construction in progress. In agriculture, the practice of insuring crops, machinery, livestock, and plantations is widespread.

Property and home insurance

Most of the insurance companies currently offering their services have developed special programs to protect residential premises and people's property. This allows everyone interested to choose suitable conditions for themselves and protect their interests, as well as count on compensation in the event of an insured event.

There are a number of preferential programs introduced into the sphere of activity of municipalities. Thanks to them, insurance programs are available to the general population. This was done to increase the demand for the services of insurers and increase the security of the country's population. Many financial services companies are also the authors of specific insurance programs - in particular, for the transfer of property for leasing or issuing a mortgage.

Real estate: security at the highest level

An insurance program that assumes some real estate as an object of the agreement may be based on a structure, building, plot. You can enter into legal relations, the object of which is a whole complex or a small room. An important condition: this object must be owned by the person who initiates interaction with the insurer, while there is the right to insure the property in full or draw up an agreement only for a part.

Often individuals take out insurance on a voluntary basis, but for organizations this measure is mandatory, which is stipulated in applicable laws. The financial aspects of the agreement, the method of returning money in the event of an insured event are largely determined by the liability specified in the contract. The amount is always less than or equal to the results of the assessment when signing the papers. Legal relations may regulate the return of the full amount upon the occurrence of the agreed case, sometimes the damage is only partially refunded. It is also subject to the terms of the contract governing legal relations.

Featuresprivate property insurance

This program was designed to serve the interests of the general public. The initiative to conclude an agreement should come from the person who is responsible for the safety of the object and has property interests in relation to it. Currently, OSAGO insurance, which is mandatory for all vehicle owners by current laws, is a good example of the legal relationship between the insurer and the client. This program is mandated by law. According to a similar logic, it is mandatory to conclude an insurance contract to protect some agricultural objects - livestock, leased property.

Insurance: important categories

Currently, you can conclude an insurance contract in one of the categories established by law. The regulations mention the following:

• investments;
• cargo;
• credit programs;
• house property;
• responsibility of a citizen;
• risk of damage associated with entrepreneurial activity (including downtime, failure of obligations by counterparties);
• real estate;
• transport.

Within each of the categories there is a division into subspecies, taking into account the specifics of a particular case. Thus, transport insurance involves separate programs for personal cars and specific for rail transport, ships, aircraft and space.

Insurance and risks

Typical risks specified in the insurance contract:

• fire, lightning, blast;
• hurricane, storm, other natural disasters;
• damage to boilers, gas storages, other mechanisms, machines;
• water damage (including sewerage, heating, firefighting, plumbing);
• intentional harm (including robbery, theft);
• damage to mirrors, windows, glass showcases.

There are several other categories that the insurance company usually offers.

Most often in practice, an agreement is concluded for the purpose of insuring property against loss and damage. Contracts under which the liability of a citizen is insured will be quite specific. The object here is not property, but the responsibility of a person for some property, which this person will bear to someone when the fact of damage is revealed.

Insurance relations: a universal approach

It has already been mentioned above that some legal relations under an insurance contract are relevant for legal entities, while others are suitable for individuals. Both groups were considered. There is also a third category of universal relationships that enter into insurance companies and all sorts of clients, be it a private person or an organization. Typically, such insurance agreements are concluded in the field of agriculture and transport (cars, motorcycles). In addition to transport, there is also technical risk insurance.