Moscow Engineering Enterprise (MMP) im. Chernysheva

2024 Author: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 10:16

Moscow Engineering Enterprise (MMP) im. Chernyshev is rightfully one of the world leaders in aviation engine building. The plant produces power units of the RD, TV7 and VK series for aircraft and helicopters in Russia and a number of foreign partners. An important direction is the repair and maintenance of previously produced RD-33 engines and their modifications.

Dreams of heaven

A prerequisite for the creation of MMP them. Chernyshev was the increased interest of ordinary citizens, the government, and the military in aviation in the 1920s. Flying clubs and aircraft modeling circles were created throughout the country. But there were very few planes themselves. On February 9, 1923, the Civil Aviation Council was created, and a month later, the voluntary Society of Friends of the Air Fleet (ODVF) was created.

In 1925, in the wake of the development of a young industry, engineers A. D. Shvetsov and N. V. Okromeshko created the first Soviet aircraft engine of the M-11 model. Despite the simple design, he gave out 110 hp. With. A year later, under the characteristics of the engine, engineer N. N. Polikarpov wasthe U-2 glider (aka Po-2) was designed. The light aircraft was intended for training novice pilots.

From a clean slate

Having a ready-made motor and airframe on hand, the question arose of their mass production. Part of the orders were transferred to existing enterprises. But at the same time, the idea arose to build an aircraft building complex near Moscow, consisting of:

• Aircraft assembly production (now the Tushino Machine-Building Plant).
• Civil Air Fleet Aerodrome (V. P. Chkalov National Aeroclub).
• Aviation College №4.
• Engine repair workshops (now OAO MMP named after V. V. Chernyshev).
• Radio Factory 85.
• A parachute factory.
• Airship building training plant.

In the latter, by the way, Umberto Nobile himself taught.

Construction was carried out in stages, right in the middle of a swampy field. The first structures were wooden barracks, poorly suited for serious work. The machine park consisted of old equipment. In 1932, the repair shops were renamed Plant No. 82, but they were only formally an enterprise. It was not until 1933 that the first capital building was erected, which housed the assembly site, the "foundry" and laboratories.

The production of the Stal-2 short-haul aircraft designed by A. I. Putilov has begun at a nearby machine-building plant. It was decided to assemble the engines for it at the MMP them. Chernyshev. Modified versions were chosen as power unitsthe first-born M-11, which received the name MG - “civilian motor”. Already in 1935, the first products (MG-31 / MG-31F) successfully passed state tests. By the way, the forced version of the MG-31F was capable of developing a power of 330 hp, which is three times higher than the original model.

Years of testing

In 1938, the plant was transferred to the jurisdiction of the NKVD. On the eve of the war, the place of civilian engines was taken by engines for long-range bombers Yer-2 and Pe-8. To develop them, the Chekists organized a special prison (“sharaga”), in which talented engineers and inventors from CIAM accused of espionage worked.

One of the prisoners was the future outstanding aircraft engine designer AD Charomsky. Under his leadership, a powerful motor AN-1 was created. For their assembly, the material and technical base was expanded, equipment was purchased, additional buildings were erected, and new types of production were created. With the outbreak of war MMP them. Chernysheva from Moscow was temporarily evacuated to Kazan.

From piston to jet

The Second World War clearly showed the advantages of jet aircraft over aircraft equipped with piston engines. In 1945, the question arose of mass production of domestic jet engines. And this task was entrusted to the specialists of the Moscow Machine-Building Enterprise.

The team brilliantly coped with the task. MPP was the first in the USSR to produce turbojet power plants of the RD-500 models with a thrust of 1600 kg and VK-1 with a thrust of 2700 kg. They were installed onMiG-15BIS interceptors and MiG-15 frontline fighters.

In the future, on the MMP them. Chernyshev produced a series of jet engines for MiG aircraft. The pinnacle of evolution was the forced bypass aircraft engine Izotov RD-33 and its modifications. They are still used today in the Russian MiG-29/SMT/KUB and MiG-35 fighters. Adapted SMR-95 and RD-93 models are used on Super Cheetah D-2 combat aircraft (South African Air Force), Mirage III and Mirage F-1 (France).

Import substitution

Due to well-known events, the Ukrainian company Motor Sich suspended the supply of power units and their components for Russian helicopters. In 2015, the government decided to launch production of components for VK-2500 helicopter motors (TV3-117 family) at the Moscow Machine-Building Enterprise.

In the same year, the team joined a joint project for the design and manufacture of new generation engines TV7-117. They are planned to be installed on promising compact "transporters" of the Il-112 series and regional passenger Il-114. The RD-1700 engine has been developed for light fighters and training aircraft.

Address MMP them. Chernysheva: st. Vishnevaya-7, Moscow, Russian Federation, ind. 125362.