Tariff - what is it?

2024 Author: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 10:16

In this article we will get acquainted with the concept of tariff. This is a term that will be considered from a general point of view and in various fields of human activity, in particular, in the field of services and insurance. We will also study its relationship with the customs services operating on the territory of the Russian Federation, and in general. Sometimes you can find the word "dachshund", which is the second designation of the term in question.

Introduction

Tariffs are certain rates or their system, designed to pay for a variety of production and non-production services provided by a company, organization, firm, institution. The category of tariffs also includes a system designed to pay wages through the application of rates. A customs tariff is a tax applicable to the import and export of goods or services internationally in trade.

As a lexical unit of the Russian language, the term "tariff" began to be used more than two hundred years ago, and its first mention was found in the Naval Charter of 1724. Thisthe word came from German or French, but these countries also borrowed it. Initially, the term was created by the Arabs, and it denoted various duties, messages to the people of a country or settlement, announcements.

Insurance and rates

Insurance rates are a form of payment for the insurance premium, taken from the unit of the insured amount. This takes into account the amount of insurance and the characteristics of its risk. Establishment, as a rule, takes place as a percentage (%) and correlates with the sum insured. A tariff system of this type includes the concept of a range of rates, a system of discounts and coefficients. The calculation is made using a series of actuarial calculations.

Insurance rates are special payments determined in accordance with legislative acts approved by the supreme government. An example would be a law requiring compulsory insurance of vehicles by civilians. In the case of voluntary insurance, the insurer can establish obligations independently. The setting of such tariffs can be done by applying:

• units of the sum insured;
• percentage relative to the sum insured.

Principles of building a tariff policy

Tariff is a system designed to regulate various relationships in the structure of the state. The means of its implementation is the national and international currency. Tariffs are built in accordance with certain principles:

1. Need to provideself-sufficiency and profitability of the insurance operation.
2. It is important to observe the equivalence of the attitude of the parties in the matter of insurance. In other words, the value of the tariff should be related to the probability of damage. This allows you to ensure the return of the insurance funds of the fund responsible for the provision of such services.
3. It is important that the tariff be accessible to different circles of policyholders. The presence of high rates will slow down the process of "evolution" of the insurance industry.
4. It is necessary that the amount of the bet remains stable over long periods of time. Keeping the tariff unchanged will allow the insured to strengthen his confidence in relation to the insurer and make sure of his solidarity.
5. If the current rate allows you to expand the scope of insurance liability, then you should use it.

The insurance rate is the rate, which is also called the gross rate. Its calculation is done on the basis of 2 components, namely the net rate and the load applicable to it.

General insurance data

The concept of an insurance rate refers to average values, and therefore it can have a significant set of deviations from the average value. Compensation for such inconsistencies or deviations from the norm is carried out by using the concept of a guarantee premium, the second name of which is stabilization. Insurance of risky situations and life itself includes many features, in accordance with which the tariff is built. If the question is about lifesubject, the net rate will be determined based on data from the mortality tables. Such summaries of information tell of an increase in the age at which mortality increases, which depends on the generation of subjects and various internal and external factors. High risk situations are based on probability theory. He alth insurance and its tariff is established by analyzing data on the incidence rate. The average cost of treating a particular disease is also taken into account.

Insurance premium rates are payments that should not exceed a percentage of income that can burden the insured. Otherwise, it will become a waste of money.

Customs & Tariff

Customs tariffs are a special instrument of state power that allows regulating and directing the activities of customs policy. This is extremely important for the economic development of any country. This tool is used to implement political trade, which is a general set and list of all rates that are included in the customs duty of taxable goods. Customs tariffs are divided into two types: import and export.

There are two forms:

• simple (indicates a common tariff for all countries using one rate for customs duty);
• difficult (depending on the country).

Customs nomenclature is usually referred to as a list of products with all types and names of goods.

Customs rate in Russia

Onterritory of the Russian Federation, until 2010, the customs rate introduced by the government decree of November 26, 2006 was applied. Data on it were order No. 718, but currently it is not valid.

01.01.2010 is the date from which the regulations corresponding to the provisions of the Interstate Council of the EurAsEC on:began to operate on the territory of the Russian Federation, Belarus and Kazakhstan

• single commodity nomenclature applicable within the customs union (TN VED CU);
• single customs tariff of the Customs Union.

In other words, since the beginning of 2010, the Common Customs Tariff of the Customs Union came into force on the territory of the Russian Federation. Russia's previous customs tariff has ceased to exist.

Services

Tariff for services is a rate system, according to which various enterprises operating in the provision and implementation of services fulfill the requests and wishes of consumers (customers). Executive authorities are responsible for regulating the value of the cost of various services provided to the population of certain territories. Production tariffs of a wholesale nature have free prices (the cost is assigned only in accordance with the decision of the manufacturer or importer). The regulation of production services is directly affected by law only in the matter of rail transport or communications.

Fee per year and quantity

Two-part tariff is the sum of two components:annual payment for a certain unit (for example, Kcal (or Gcal)/h) and payment for the quantity of heat energy released to the consumer.

Determining a two-part tariff includes taking into account and sharing all costs included in the cost of a mechanism for providing a service, such as heat. There are conditionally fixed and conditionally variable types of costs.