2024 Author: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 10:16
When performing logging operations, various techniques are used to remove cut trees or whips (trunk with sawn branches). Delivery of material from the felling sites to the place of loading onto timber trucks is carried out using skidders. For further transportation, if there are relatively good roads, all-terrain trucks with a trailer-dissolution are used.
General information
The most common tracked machines have two types of locks - with and without a choker. The first option carries out the movement of pre-sawn trunks by portage, and the second one works in tandem with a special installation that cuts the tree and cleans the surface from branches. One of the most common machines is the skidder TDT-55, the production of which began in 1966. The car was assembled at a specialized Onega plant located in the city of Petrozavodsk. Despite being discontinued in 2003, the tractor remains very popular due to its simple and unpretentious design.
The second most common aggregate isskidder TT-4, which has been produced by the Altai plant since 1991. This machine had a more modern design, but lasted on the assembly line only until 2010. The reason for the cessation of production was the bankruptcy and closure of the plant. TT-4 is a larger machine and belongs to the class of tractors with a force of 4 tons (against 2 tons for TDT-55).
Power Plants
Both types of tractors are equipped with 4-cylinder liquid-cooled diesel engines. Different types of motors can be found on the TDT-55 - SMD-14BN, SMD-18N or D-245. Their power ranges from 62 to 100 forces. Most often there are cars with a SMD-14BN diesel engine and a five-speed gearbox.
The second car uses a 110-horsepower AM-01 engine with a gearbox that provides eight forward gears and four reverse gears. Between the engine and gearbox on both machines installed dual-plate clutch.
Chassis
The main part of the running gear TDT-55 is a solid frame, welded from spars. To give greater rigidity, its lower part is covered with a steel sheet, and inside there are additional amplifiers of various shapes. Two suspension balancers equipped with spring shock absorbers are attached to the side parts of the spars. On each of them are placed two steel track rollers. There is a steel guide roller at the front that can be moved to provide tension to the skidder track. To rotate the tracks, a rear wheel is used, equipped withreplaceable toothed rim. The caterpillar has fingers freely floating in the seats. These parts are pushed into place by a special finger striker mounted on the drive wheel drive gearbox.
The chassis on the TT-4 has some differences. Its basis is a welded frame, consisting of side spars, which are interconnected by three transverse pipes and a front beam. Additional rigidity to the frame is provided by the frontal sheet and the bottom detail. The suspension consists of five steel rollers. At the same time, only two front rollers on each side have depreciation. The caterpillar is assembled on pins with a hole for special fixing rivets.
Special equipment
The TT-4 has a special winch equipped with a two-stage transmission and a reverse mechanism. Its drive is made from the driven shaft in the transfer case. A movable shield is installed on the back of the frame, which serves for laying whips. Its design has a special bulge that prevents the load from slipping. The removal of the shield from the tractor is carried out with the help of hydraulic cylinders. After loading the wood onto the shield, it is pulled to its regular place by a winch.
The equipment of the TDT-55 is similar to that of the TT-4, except for the hitch. A push frame with a blade is installed on the front of the side members of this tractor. A knife is placed along the lower edge of the blade, which cuts the soil or shrubs when performing various works. Blade position control -hydraulic.
Workplace
On the TT-4, the driver is in a fully enclosed double cab with all-round glazing for good visibility. The cab is mounted along the tractor axis directly behind the engine. The driver's seat is cushioned and can be adjusted in height. On the TT-4M variant, a single-seat cabin is used, shifted to the left side.
Single cab TDT-55 is located on the left side of the tractor. An engine is installed next to it, closed by a hood. The standard equipment includes ventilation and heating systems with air supply by a fan. In the summer, you can provide additional air exchange with the help of movable windshields and side windows. There are wipers on the front and rear windows. The driver's seat can be adjusted in height.
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