2024 Author: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-01-17 18:37
Today it is difficult to imagine the world and one's own life without the achievements of science and technology. Many consider that the main achievement is information development. But just imagine your life without industrial facilities! In everyday life, everyone uses the benefits of civilization: water, electricity, gas, heat - and can no longer imagine their comfortable life without them. In order to deliver water and gas, water and gas pipelines are being built, which act as a vehicle.
During installation, builders use pipes for main gas pipelines. It is important to note that they have become part of our everyday life and have taken a critical position as an inexpensive means of delivering liquids and gases.
What is a pipe?
There is currently no single answer to this question. In general, we can say that the pipe ishollow profile industrial product, which is used for transportation of gas, oil, various liquids, insulation, reinforcement.
Pipe classification
Seamless pipes can be rolled (hot and cold rolling), extruded (diameter up to 820 mm) and cast (cast iron and steel, diameter up to 900 mm).
According to the profile of the section, shaped, round ones are distinguished:
• Square.
• Rectangular.
• Oval.
• Segmented.
• Ribbed.
• Teardrop.
• Six-, three- and octagonal.
The longitudinal section distinguishes:
• Tapered.
• Staggered with upset ends.
This is not the whole list of pipes that differ in longitudinal section. In a separate group are bimetallic, trimetallic, consisting of several layers of metal, which are interconnected by welding, fitting or fusion.
Seamless Pipe Applications
Based on destination issued for:
• oil and gas industry;
• construction;
• pipelines;
• engineering;
• vessels and cylinders.
Pipes for the oil and gas industry are made from carbon and alloy steel grades. Drill pipes are used in drilling exploration and production wells. Casing pipes are used to protect the walls of gas and oil wells from corrosion, ingress of liquid into them, separation from each other.friend of gas and oil-bearing formations. Pipes for pipelines are used to deliver gas, oil, gasoline, water, acids. Tubing is used in the operation of drilling wells, when oil is produced, and have threaded connections. Boiler pipes are used in boilers of various designs. The main pipe is manufactured in accordance with GOST 3262-75 and is welded. Structural pipes in accordance with GOST 800-78, 8642-68 are used in the manufacture of various machine parts in aviation, mechanical engineering, and automotive and tractor building. Cracking pipes, in accordance with GOST 550-75, are made of steel 10, 20, K5M, K5, 12MX and others and are used for pumping oil products under high pressure.
Main pipe
The main feature of pipes of this range is a large diameter, as they are used for the installation of various structures in construction, for the transportation of oil, gasoline, steam, oils, gas, water.
Steel main pipes are made as straight-seam and spiral-seam, with a diameter of 529-2560 mm and a wall thickness of 8-25 mm. Pipes for main gas pipelines are manufactured to operate in aggressive environments, at high pressure and in difficult climatic conditions. Thus, the location of the main areas of oil and gas production in the North of Russia necessitates the construction of powerful main pipelines located underground.
Difficult climatic conditions make ultra-high demands on the quality of pipes and their performance properties -strength and plastic characteristics. Sometimes a gas main pipe has a special coating: composite, zinc, bituminous.
The National Association of Corrosion Engineers (NACE) has created a standard that specifies testing and recommendations for materials that resist wet hydrogen sulfide environments. Material suitability criteria: time to failure and threshold stress.
For pipe material used in difficult climatic conditions, it is important to reduce the temperature at which metal brittleness occurs, increase its viscous properties, which are determined on samples with a round notch at a minimum temperature of -60°C and on samples with with a sharp notch at the lowest possible operating temperature of -20°C. That is why the use of main pipes manufactured in accordance with GOST or TU is so important.
Main pipe: GOST and characteristics
Distinguish main pipes by:
1. Welding method:
• Contact welding.
• Electric arc welding.
2. Weld Type:
• Spiral stitched.
• Straight seam.
3. Destination:
• Pipes for main oil pipelines.
• Pipes for main gas pipelines.
• Pipes for main pipelines with other media.
4. Diameter:
• Large diameter pipes.
• Small diameter pipes.
It is important to remember that arc welding is a universal method, and the contact typewelding is only used for main pipe with small diameter. The gas main pipe of large diameter can be faceted, while the burrs are removed. In case the pipe is not cut, the burrs are not removed at the factory.
GOST 20295-85 is the main regulatory document relating to main pipes.
Main pipe: assortment
A steel strip is used as a blank for the production of a main steel pipe, the material for which are high-alloy carbon (calm, semi-quiet) steels and low-alloy hot-rolled steels.
Steel grades used for the production of main pipes:
- 10;
- 20;
- 09GSF;
- 10Y2FBY.
Main electric-welded pipe according to GOST 20295-85, TU 14-3-1573-96:
Assortment |
|
Diameter, mm |
Steel grade |
| 159 | 20 |
| 219 | 20 |
| 273 | 20 |
| 325 | 20 |
| 377 | 20 |
| 426 | 20 |
| 530 | 17G1S |
| 630 | 17G1S |
| 720 | 17G1S |
| 820 | 17G1S |
| 920 | 17G1S |
| 1020 | 17G1S |
| 1220 | 17G1S |
| 1420 | 17G1S |
| 1620 | 17G1S |
| 1820 | 17G1S |
As you can see, the main pipe is used in difficult geological and climatic conditions, aggressive environments and is manufactured in accordance with GOST and TU, and a large assortment only strengthened the position of the main pipe among other metal products.
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