Tuymazinskoye oil field: description and characteristics

2024 Author: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 10:16

Tuymazinskoye field is located on the territory of Bashkiria. In these places, oil was discovered back in 1770. A geological expedition team led by I. Lepekhin found a small oil mountain source. It was located near the settlement of Kusyapkulovo. Toward the end of the 19th century, a group of private businessmen led the search for fossils in this place.

All these attempts are isolated cases. Industrial development of we alth began much later (in the 30s of the last century). Not so long ago, Bashkortostan celebrated the 75th anniversary of its own oil industry.

Historical facts

The first well with "black gold" was put into operation in 1932 near the village of Ishimbayevo. Four years later, the first millionth batch of oil was produced in Bashkiria. Soon the republic reached the third position in the USSR (after the Kusyapkulovsky and Ishimbaysky wells were put into commercial operation). The Tuymazinskoye field began operating at full capacity in the autumn of 1944. It entered the top five world leaders in terms of oil reserves. Soon begandevelopment of dozens of other deposits, and Bashkiria quickly became the leader in oil production in the Soviet Union.

Record figures (47.9 million tons) were reached in 1967. After that, such figures could not be achieved. Until the mid-1980s, production was maintained at a level of about 40 million tons per year. Then began a rapid decline due to the natural depletion of deposits and the high cost of exploration operations. The introduction of innovative technologies to increase the recovery of reservoirs made it possible to reach the mark of 11 million tons. According to the Bashkir special agency for subsoil use, the proven deposits of "black gold" at the Tuymazinskoye field amount to over 30 million tons of raw materials.

Description

The object under consideration is located in the Republic of Bashkortostan (Russian Federation) near the town of Tuymazy. The Tuymazinskoye oil field belongs to the Volga-Ural oil and gas basin. It was discovered in 1937, development has been carried out since 1939. It is classified as large, belongs to the same name and Aleksandrovsky uplifts, which are located in the region of the Almetyevskaya Upland of the Tatar arch. The overall dimensions of the lift are 40x20 thousand meters.

Within the framework of the object under consideration, the sedimentary stratum refers to Precambrian and Paleozoic deposits. Terrigenous manifestations are developed heterogeneously, they are sandstones with a density of up to 137 meters. Working horizons occur at depths of 1.0-1.68 km. More than 120 deposits have been discovered on the territory of the field, the main oil potential is oriented towards the Devoniandeposits in which 54 wells have been developed with a depth of 1.69-1.72 km.

Features

The total thickness of the reservoirs at the Tuymazinskoye oil field is about 70 meters, the porosity parameter is about 0.48 square microns. Other item features:

• reservoir type – porous;
• reservoir type - domed reservoir variety (shielded lithological);
• height - up to 68 meters;
• indicator of starting reservoir pressure - 17, 3-18, 0 MPa;
• VNK marks - 1, 48-1, 53 km;
• temperature - 30 °C.

Eight serious deposits (1.1-1.3 km) with a reservoir porosity of 3% and a deposit height of up to 30 meters were found in the limestone layers of the Devonian stage. The density of the extracted material from these sources is about 890 kg/m3, the sulfur content is up to 3 percent.

In the Kizelovsky horizon, limestones contain five massive deposits up to 35 meters high and up to 1.07 km deep. Density indicator - 894 kg / cu. m, sulfur capacity - 2.8-3.0%. The starting flow rate of wells is up to 250 tons per day, while every year it decreases by 5-8%. The content of paraffin is up to 5.5%. It should be noted that the main recoverable reserves have been developed over 20 years, the annual oil production plan is 900 thousand tons.

Mechanized operation

The development of the Tuymazinsky oil field is mainly carried out in this way intwo options:

1. Piece-type energy is introduced into the production substance in a targeted manner, its distribution among the wells is carried out directly in the deposit. This kind of energy supply and distribution is produced by exploiting reservoir pressure variations.
2. Artificial flow is delivered directly to a specific production well with hydraulic, mechanical or electrical action mechanisms. The introduction is carried out in several ways: with compressed air or gas, special deep-type pumps. The first method is called gas lift, the second - deep pumping.

Features

A separate place in the characteristics of the Tuymazinskoye field is occupied by certain types of well production using the natural energy of liquid and gas. For these purposes, specialized underground devices are used that are not related to energy sources (downhole gas lift, plunger pump analog).

Wells begin to flow in the event of pressure drops between the reservoir and bottomhole layers. This value should be sufficient to counteract liquid column resistance and frictional losses. Therefore, flowing occurs under the influence of hydrostatics or expanding gas. Most of the wells work due to two factors at the same time.

Well surveys

Among other characteristics of the Tuymazinsky oil field, there are geophysical methods for studying wells (logging). They areare a complex of geological and technical developments for drilling wells based on the study of various geophysical fields in them. The maximum distribution of these methods is observed in the study of oil and gas sources in the process of drilling, testing and use.

Geophysical testing is carried out in several directions:

• checking geological developments and their technical configuration;
• exploration control;
• perforation, blasting and related work by the service of geophysicists;
• research of geological sections.

The last direction is one of the most important. It uses magnetic, acoustic, radioactive and other methods. Their nature depends on the physics of natural and artificial fields of various nature.

Geophysical methods

These methods provide comprehensive information about the state of rocks, their characteristics, changes in the Tuymazinskoye deposit during operation. They are often used in both geological and technical activities. The specificity of this technique involves knowledge of special subjects, a special technique for performing manipulations and an appropriate interpretation of the results. In this regard, special geophysical organizations and teams are being created for these purposes, equipped with the necessary engineering and technical personnel, equipment and devices.

These research measures arelogging of various directions (observation of the transformation of certain values along the well column). The operation is performed using a special device that descends on an electric cable.

Electric logging is one of the most important methods of development in the description of the Tuymazinskoye field. The method makes it possible to study changes in the electric field that occurs spontaneously. It is formed due to the aggregation of fluid in the well with the rock and the transformation of the resistivity of these elements. Electric logging methods are focused on the differentiation of rocks. They are implemented using measuring probes.

Research by the method of steady selections

Such a study is carried out in the production and injection sections of wells with the fixation of characteristics at least in three stable modes. This allows you to determine the productivity of the well, the reservoir potential and the existing pressure in terms of drainage of vertical and horizontal structures.

Types of repair of underground wells

In the description and characteristics of the Tuymazinskoye field, it is necessary to mention the types of downhole workover. This includes:

1. Scheduled preventive maintenance - is carried out in order to prevent deviations from the working technological programs of operation, which may be caused by malfunctions of underground devices or the wells themselves. This stage is planned in advance and is carried out according to the established schedule.
2. Restorativerepair - is required in case of an unexpected sharp deterioration in the operating mode of the mechanisms or their stop due to pump failure, breakage of the rod element, etc.
3. Major type of repair - is a set of works aimed at restoring siege columns, cement ring, bottomhole compartment. In addition, this includes the elimination of various accidents, lowering and lifting of special equipment during separate injection and operation.

Underground well workover provides for the delivery of tools, preparatory work, lifting and lowering maneuvers, dismantling and transportation of equipment.

Environment Protection

Construction and operation of oil and gas complex facilities at Tuymazinsky and other fields significantly affect the state of soil and vegetation cover and wildlife. In this regard, measurements, evaluation and prediction of transformations of bioorganisms are carried out with a subsequent reaction to these changes. The state of the soil is determined taking into account the physico-chemical characteristics, functional and structural indicators. The main parameter for a qualitative assessment of surface water resources is the flow rate, the water content factor, the relief features of the coastline, the presence of transport and background pollution.