Excavator EO-3322: specifications, features and reviews

2024 Author: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 10:16

Quite often recently there are situations when it can be noted that equipment, the production of which ended several decades ago, is still actively used in various areas of the national economy. A striking example is the EO-3322 excavator, the technical characteristics, cost, features and capabilities of which we will consider in as much detail as possible in the article. Attention will certainly be paid to the area of operation of the machine.

General information

Excavator EO-3322 is a powerful full-revolving earth-moving unit with one bucket, which is controlled by a hydraulic drive. This specialized piece of equipment is endowed with a clear silhouette that differs from others - there is an arrow, the engine is located behind the cab, all the running wheels are completely equal in size to each other. The machine has proven itself so well in practice that its operation continues to this day, even despite the fact that its production was finally completed for more than 15 years.back.

Historical background

Excavator EO-3322 is the very first excavator in the USSR, which was equipped with servo hydraulic drive systems. The design of the machine was so thoughtful and efficient that its cost was significantly reduced. In parallel with this, the developers were able to establish a very high level of production of the unit.

Initially, the EO-3322 excavator was produced at the Leningrad Excavator Plant in the period from 1970 to 1987. However, starting from the same 1970, the car rolled off the assembly line and the Kalinin excavator plant. Moreover, the last copy left the assembly line in 2001.

In 1978, EO-3322 received the All-Union Quality Mark. And three years later, when the fifty-thousandth excavator of the described model was produced, the Kalinin plant, by decision of the country's leadership, was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labor.

It is worth noting that the excavators produced by these two factories were still somewhat different from each other. On the Leningrad machines, the inscription “LEZ EO-3322” was cast on the back of the counterweight, while on the Kalinin machines there was nothing like that.

Applications

The characteristics of the EO-3322 excavator allow it to be fully exploited in the temperature range from -40 to + 40 degrees Celsius. At the same time, the machine can work on rocks (however, they must first be loosened), on wet soils, on clay and loose terrain. Thanks to all this, the unit effectively performs its functions inthe process of digging pits, performing utility repairs, drilling wells, and carrying out land reclamation work. The excavator does a great job of crushing stones using a powerful hydraulic hammer, and can also help lay concrete slabs.

Features

The EO-3322 pneumatic excavator has a significant design nuance, due to which the hydraulic equipment and the driver's cab can freely rotate around their own axis installed on the platform, and this, in turn, minimizes the number of manipulations in the process of loading and unloading work. Ultimately, all this allows the operator to have an optimal view and expands the scope of work performed, as well as the productivity of the machine. It is also important that the EO-3322 easily overcomes slopes with an indicator of 20 degrees.

It is impossible to ignore the fact that the machine uses a hydraulic drive not only to actuate the working body, but also to move itself in space.

Equipment

EO-3322 is equipped as standard with a bucket with a volume of 0.5 cubic meters, which is securely fixed to the backhoe. Also, the machine can be easily combined with various tillage rippers, hydraulic hammer, 5-jaw bucket or 2-jaw grapple.

Design

Excavator EO-3322, weighing 14 tons, is made of the following main units and parts:

• Platform swivel.
• Pneumatic undercarriage.
• Hydraulic systems.
• Pneumatic control system.
• Working equipment.
• Electrical components.

The pneumatic type running gear is made on two axles and provides the machine with a travel speed of up to 20 km/h. The front axle is steerable, the rear axle is equipped with double tires and is rigidly attached to the frame without the use of springs.

Axles are driven by a low-torque hydraulic motor coupled to a gearbox. When working with soil, the excavator uses folding elements and a blade support as its own support.

The turntable is mounted on a turntable located on the running frame. On the platform there is a diesel engine, a fuel tank, a cabin, a ventilation and heating system, hydraulic equipment and an electrical system, counter-cargo.

Only numbers

Excavator EO-3322 has the following main parameters:

• Length - 8350 mm.
• Width - 2700 mm.
• Height - 3140 mm.
• Turntable rotation - 9 rpm.
• The maximum possible travel speed is 19.68 km/h.
• The power of the power plant is from 75 to 100 horsepower, depending on the modification of the machine.
• Diesel fuel consumption -12.54 liters per hour.
• The volume of the hydraulic system is 285 liters.
• Pump power - 51.5 kW.
• The voltage of the electrical system is 12 V.
• Dig depth –up to 6 meters.
• Dumping height - 5.63 meters.

Engine, brakes and gearbox

EO-3322 is equipped with a four-cylinder, four-stroke liquid-cooled diesel engine manufactured either in Kharkiv SMD-14 (power 75 hp) or in Belgorod SMD-17N (power 100 hp).

In general, the parameters of these motors are as follows:

• Volume - 6.3 liters.
• Cylinder diameter - 120 mm.
• Stroke 140mm.
• Steady minimum speed - no higher than 600 rpm.
• Maximum idle speed up to 1950 rpm.

Starting the power plant is provided by an electric starter 561.3708.

The excavator gearbox is used to transmit torque directly to the wheels, as well as to turn off and on the front axle, to prevent unauthorized movement of the machine, which can lead to an accident and even tragedy. Parking brake - permanently closed, pneumatically controlled from the driver's cab.

Both axles of the unit are equipped with pneumatic shoe brakes, which reliably hold the equipment in a stationary state at the command of the driver.

Be sure to indicate that the EO-3322 should be towed by a tractor with the gearbox in the neutral position. This is done to avoid failure of the gearbox.

Reviews

Excavator EO-3322, the price of which, depending on the year of manufacture, can vary from 150 to 400 thousandRussian rubles, in itself is a highly reliable, durable and easy-to-maintain special machine. According to users of this equipment, the excavator practically does not cause any significant trouble, and wear of rubber seals in the hydraulic system and high-pressure hoses is noted among the most frequent breakdowns. In addition, since the rear axle is rigidly attached to the frame and is not able to dampen while driving, it is strongly not recommended to accelerate the excavator over 20 km/h.

But what EO-3322 really cannot boast of is the driver's cab. Yes, 40 years ago it was modern, but today this "birdhouse" offers the operator truly Spartan conditions.