2024 Author: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 10:16
Transformers are devices that play one of the most important roles in places where electrical energy is used. Their main purpose is the generation of electricity and its supply. In the event that the current is transmitted over long distances, it should be small, while the voltage should be high. This allows for significant cost savings. On the other hand, significant voltages require a large amount of insulating materials, which leads to high costs. Transformers are devices that are used to level such a contradiction. In a nutshell, they are used in power plants first to increase the voltage, and then to lower it. Thanks to this, the consumer receives the optimal current for himself.
In most cases, three-phase transformers are used. This can be explained by the fact that there are three phases in electrical networks. Less often, several single devices are installed, interconnected by a star or a triangle. The efficiency of the transformers currently in use reaches 99percent. Despite this, a significant part of the power is lost due to heat. That is why they use specially designed cooling systems.
The network type transformer circuit (which is the most common in everyday life) is built on the principle that a variety of household electrical appliances differ in varying degrees of voltage. Some time ago, the main problem of these devices was the large weight and dimensions. To solve it, the voltage is now rectified, which is then converted into high-frequency pulses. Further in the transformer, they are reduced to the necessary parameters. This solution allows you to significantly reduce the overall parameters of the power supply. There are also impulse devices. The principle of this type of transformer is that it transmits the so-called rectangular pulse. The main purpose of such a device is to transmit pulses without distortion.
The most convenient devices to use are autotransformers. The primary and secondary windings in them are directly connected to each other. Thanks to this, an electrical connection is also obtained between them, and not just an electromagnetic one. The winding has at least three outputs. By connecting to each of them, a voltage is formed with different indicators. Such devices are characterized by high efficiency, since the conversion occurs only with a part of the power. At the same time, the circuits of such transformers do not have isolation between themselves, which makes them cheaper. ATtherefore, they are most often used for industrial purposes.
In conclusion, it should be noted that transformers are devices that also have a separating function. In other words, they serve to prevent electric shock to a person while simultaneously touching a grounded element and a poorly insulated device. The fact is that, if switched on through this device, it becomes impossible for the secondary circuit to contact the “ground” and cause electric shock.
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