Asbestos-cement pipe: sizes and types

2024 Author: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 10:16

Asbestos-cement pipes, the dimensions of which vary depending on the purpose, are used in the construction of industrial and residential buildings, and are also used for road and communications equipment. The popularity of the material is due to the inclusion of asbestos and cement with water, which increases the strength of the product over the entire surface. Consider the features of such structures.

Composition

Asbestos-cement pipe, the dimensions of which are indicated below, is of two types: chrysolite or amphibole type. Any of these modifications includes hydrogenated sodium silicate (asbestos). This natural material is environmentally friendly, does not pose a radioactive or other hazard. When working with such elements, certain safety measures are also required, since inhaled asbestos dust can provoke the development of oncological diseases of the respiratory tract (especially with prolonged contact).

As for hazards, acid-resistant amphibole asbestos is considered the most problematic. Their use and extraction have recently been banned, which is aimed at maintaining the he alth and life of workers. The first negative opinion about such materials was formedeven during the Second World War. Then amphibole parts were used on military ships.

Asbestos-cement pipe (sizes do not matter in this respect) of chrysolite type does not adversely affect the human body. Its fibers and particles are able to dissolve in an acidic environment and be excreted from the body within 10 days. By the way, even cellulose analogues take much longer to do this.

Features

Asbestos-cement pipe, the dimensions of which we will consider below, is produced by chemical mixing of asbestos fibers and cement composition. The result is a unique material that becomes safe for the human body, since no further dust emission is observed.

The Russian Ministry of He alth in 2001 adopted a resolution on hygiene standards related to the use and processing of asbestos cement. According to them, such products are not dangerous, compared in terms of the level of threat to the body with many other materials used in industry and everyday life.

As an example: not a single case of cancer was registered among 700 workers at the Sukholzhskabocement plant (Sverdlovsk region). Manufactured products are in demand not only in the domestic market, but also abroad. In terms of production, more than one million kilometers of pipes of this nature are in Russia, and the total annual turnover is about 3 million kilometers.

Asbestos-cement pipes:dimensions, GOST

The main requirements for the products in question in terms of state standards are presented below:

• Diameters inside and outside in asbestos pipes must comply with GOST 539-80.
• Testing and testing of products is carried out in accordance with GOST 11310-90.

Since in the Soviet Union asbestos-cement pipes were mainly used for reclamation canals, their use was significantly limited. In this regard, no special state standards were envisaged, since this material was not used at civil and industrial construction sites.

After the change of the political system, asbestos-cement pipes, the dimensions of which are discussed in more detail below, began to be used in various fields. As a result, there was a need to create specific documentation regulating the diameter, composition, thickness and other parameters of the product.

SNiP

The updated SNiP 41-02-2003 includes such requirements that are focused on non-metal pipes:

• When used in heating networks, the temperature should not exceed 115 degrees, and the working pressure should not exceed 1.6 MPa.
• Asbestos-cement pipes of identical sizes can be used for open and closed hot water supply systems.
• Asbestos-cement pipe (dimensions are not important) can be used for the construction of pipelines for cold water supply. At the same time, metal analogues require the creationadditional verification and related documentation.

Asbestos-cement pipes: dimensions, diameter

The Russian Federation adopted a draft law on technical regulation, which specifies the standards for the production and operation of asbestos cement products. They take into account the technical conditions in each case. The length of such materials is from 3.9 to 5 meters.

Asbestos-cement pipe (dimensions):

• 100mm.
• 150mm.
• 200mm.
• 250 to 500 mm.

An interesting fact: during the Soviet Union in Simferopol, a water pipe was laid from the material in question, the length of which was approximately 20 kilometers. At the same time, the diameter of the pipes was more than 700 millimeters. Now such production is not widely used due to the complex production technology and the increased mass of each element.

Production

Asbestos cement is a concrete solution reinforced with fibers or asbestos fibers. The production technology of this material is as follows:

• After mining, the raw asbestos is subjected to mechanical grinding.
• The material is then fluffed to separate the fibers.
• Cement with asbestos is combined in a proportion of 85 and 15 parts. After that, water is added, making pulp.
• The slurry is placed on a perforated drum.
• Next, the composition is thoroughly mixed.

After spinning, a kind of film remains, which is equal tosize of asbestos pipes 100 mm. This material is wound up to obtain the desired dimensions of the product. When buying such products, you must require an epidemiological certificate that guarantees the safety of your he alth and life.

Installation

Laying pipes from the material in question is carried out as follows:

1. Pipes with a cross section of 200 millimeters or more require additional processing to obtain the required dimensions and roughness.
2. The connection is made using special couplings equipped with grooves with sealing rings. This design makes it possible to ensure tight pressing against the pipe walls with significant internal water pressure.
3. A radial clearance must be left at the coupling points. This is necessary for the technical deflection of the pipeline if the O-ring fails.
4. Installation of an asbestos-cement pipe with a size of 150 millimeters and its analogues is indented from adjacent ends. This makes it possible to avoid mounting expansion joints.

For reference: the linear expansion of asbestos-cement pipes is 12 times less than the identical parameters of similar steel products. When heated to 100 degrees Celsius, the asbestos modification increases by 0.4 mm, while the rubber seal is deformed by the end parts by 0.2 mm.

Scope of application

Due to the fact that asbestos cement belongs to the group of dielectrics, individual isolated five-meter sections are notare destroyed by the stray current. In addition, such sectors do not require special waterproofing.

Such quality parameters make asbestos-cement pipes in demand not only in industry, but also in the construction of residential, railway and urban communications. Even under critical operating conditions, the service life of the material is at least two years. Its main advantages are the possibility of using it in various spheres of life with minimal financial and labor costs. The most effective way of laying asbestos-cement pipes is channelless laying, which simplifies the design and subsequent installation.

Benefits

Asbestos-cement pipes have a lot of advantages, due to the work in different directions. Savings are achieved in the following aspects:

• Installation of trays.
• Minimize waterproofing measures.
• Cathodically protected.
• No additional mineral wool insulation required.
• Presence of operational control of humidity during the operation of polyurethane pipes.
• Simplified installation with o-ring couplers that fit easily into product ends.

Result

As a result, it can be noted that asbestos-cement pipes are one of the most optimal options for arranging various spheres of human life. It should be noted that the applicationanalogues from other materials are sometimes unacceptable or impractical.