2024 Author: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-01-09 14:06
Modern humanity can no longer imagine life without the achievements of scientific and technological progress, but not everyone understands that at the moment all these achievements have already provoked a serious environmental crisis. The constant development of production capacities without taking into account the subtle impact of any of its actions on the environment, as well as the continuous pursuit of maximum profit, has led to the fact that the planet's natural resources have been largely depleted, the Earth's atmosphere has become much more polluted, and a number of species of animals and plants have disappeared. and a host of other problems have also arisen. It is for this reason that conservation efforts have arisen, which try to maintain balance as much as possible.
What is the crisis?
The ecological crisis is a tense state of relations between nature and man, which is characterized by a lack of conformity of production relations and productive forces in society with the ecological and resource capabilities of the biosphere. At the same time, it is necessary to correctly understand that this is a reversible state, and the most active side here is theman, as he can prevent the occurrence of an ecological catastrophe, and this is why environmental protection exists. It is worth noting that throughout the existence of our planet, environmental crises have occurred repeatedly.
What is it?
Crisis is a different phase of the development of the biosphere of our planet, which is a qualitative renewal of living substances (when some species die out, while others arise). The current stage of the ecological crisis that has affected modern humanity is associated with the threat of global pollution, which appears due to the fact that decomposers are unable or do not have time to naturally clean the biosphere from all kinds of artificial compounds that enter it. Environmental activities are aimed both at minimizing the consequences of such pollution, and at the maximum regulation and control of their occurrence.
Basic concepts
There are several concepts of how nature protection is ensured. Thus, environmental protection has several interpretations:
- Events aimed at preserving the global life support system of mankind.
- A complex of regional, state, political, technological, local and public events aimed at the rational use, conservation and further reproduction of the nature of our planet, as well as the outer space adjacent to it, which is done in the interests of both existing andfuture generations.
- Complex science, which develops general concepts and methods of conservation, as well as further restoration of natural resources.
It is worth noting that the concept of "environmental protection" is quite closely related to the concept of "environmental activity", which includes a set of measures aimed at preserving the natural and socio-economic environment of a person.
As one of the most important components of the implementation of such activities is the most rational use of natural resources. In other words, such a system of activity is used, the main purpose of which is to ensure the economical exploitation of natural resources, as well as the most efficient mode of their reproduction, taking into account the promising interests of the developing economy and the preservation of human he alth.
General Principles
The environmental activities of enterprises and various communities are based on certain patterns, which can be divided into a number of basic principles:
Finding ways to restore chemical elements in the natural cycle.
This principle is completely based on the law of conservation of substances, since nothing arises from nothing and cannot disappear without a trace. In this regard, in the process of creating any new chemical compounds, it is mandatory to provide for the possibility of converting the resulting elements into other compounds that can turn into substances that are characteristic of the natural complex of compounds. The development of environmental protection is largely due to due to the fact that in the process of industrialization many types of substances have appeared that are in no way absorbed by the natural environment, and, in particular, this applies to synthetic detergents, rubber and others. All this leads to the fact that some of the atoms of various chemical elements are excluded from the natural cycle, which causes serious harm to nature.
principle, provides not only an extremely deep and detailed study of various natural environmental processes, but also the mandatory accounting and use of open patterns in the process of implementing various environmental measures and other activities.
Tasks
Environmental activities have the following objectives:
- ensuring agro-industrial and industrial complexes at such a level as to achieve minimal damage to nature;
- organization of the functioning of various enterprises so that their work causes minimal harm to humans and natural environmental processes;
- regulating the processes of using natural energy and material resources in order to increase their efficiency, as well as increase the positive impact on nature;
- preservation of all notable or typical objects of both living and non-living nature through the creation of reserves, nature reserves or various national parks;
- carrying out a set of works aimed at organizing environmentally safe recreation, as well as protecting public he alth.
How is this ensured?
Nature protection is organized through the implementation of a number of preventive and active measures, all of which are quite responsible. Environmental protection in the form of preventive measures is a set of works that allow creating ideal conditions for maintaining the balance of nature in a certain territorial area. As an example of such work, one can single out the conservation of natural landscapes that are interesting to science or simply valuable biocenoses, as well as various plants and animals.
Active measures are the promotion of environmental protection and the implementation of a series of actions aimed at eliminating the consequences of the negative impact of people on any natural ecological processes. In particular, this includes the fight against various pollution affecting the air basin of the World Ocean, as well as individual elements of the hydrosphere and land resources. In addition, special attention is paid to the development of technologies for carrying out various production processes and the transformation of ecological systems, which would be more advanced from an environmental point of view and would create better conditions forhuman.
Economic and legal foundations
Ensuring environmental safety is the main goal of environmental protection. Such activities, without exception, are aimed at achieving the protection of present and future generations from environmental impacts that could be harmful to their he alth due to excess pollution due to human actions or all kinds of natural disasters. It should be noted that in Russia the organization of environmental activities is one of the most important components of human security.
Economic security
Such provision is to achieve the most complete extraction and consumption of various natural resources at minimum labor and material costs, taking into account the costs necessary to ensure the environmental safety of humans, as well as natural organic communities. In this case, the calculation of costs includes the costs for the extraction and processing of raw materials with the subsequent receipt of finished products, for the restoration of various natural biocenoses, as well as human he alth in case of a negative impact on the environment due to its significant pollution. In the overwhelming majority of cases, the immediate benefit does not pay off with further costs.
Peculiarities of nature protection in Russia
In the current legislation, the basisenvironmental policy includes the following principles:
- protecting human he alth and life, as well as ensuring the most favorable environmental conditions for work, life and leisure of people, is set as the main priority;
- scientifically sound combination of environmental and economic interests of society, which can provide real guarantees of human rights to the natural environment, which would be the most he althy and favorable for life;
- rational use of any natural resources;
- compliance with the requirements of the current environmental legislation with inevitable punishment for any environmental violations;
- openness in the work of any bodies that deal with environmental issues, as well as close communication with the population and the public in solving any problems related to nature protection;
- cooperation with other countries in the field of environmental protection.
Regulations
In addition to the fact that the law defines the right of every person to live in a favorable and he althy environment, environmental protection activities also concern him, that is, he must maintain the appropriate quality of this environment and protect it with available methods. Ensuring the right to a favorable environment is carried out through state control over the quality of the natural environment, as well as compliance with the established environmental legislation. One of the most important measurespreservation of the environment is the implementation of proper environmental education, as well as the correct upbringing of each individual, and this especially applies to the younger generation.
The legislation sets out the main goals of the state's environmental activities, the economic mechanism for its implementation, as well as the regulation of environmental quality, a plan for conducting relevant examinations and various environmental requirements for already functioning industries.
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