Disk harrow mounted, sectional and trailed. Disc harrow: overview, characteristics, types and reviews

2024 Author: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 10:16

Pre-sowing tillage is unimaginable without a harrow - an agricultural tool that can simultaneously perform several operations: leveling the soil cover, loosening the surface, which prevents drying, destruction of the crust and destruction of weeds.

There are three main types of mechanisms - disc harrow, mesh and tooth. Now the first type is the most common in modern agricultural practice, as it has a number of beneficial advantages that reduce the cost of tillage and increase the profitability of the enterprise.

Disk harrow device

The design of a disc harrow generally includes three frames - one central, which is equipped with a towing device for docking with traction equipment, and two side, equipped with working elements - discs.

The discs are convex and are assembled into separate sections - batteries. Number of cutting parts inone battery varies and can reach 10 or more cells. Some specimens are equipped with gear cutters or with notches - it all depends on where the disc harrow will be used.

Cutting elements are fixed in sections so that they can rotate in a horizontal plane. The batteries are connected to each other and to the frame by means of hinges so that it is possible to change the angle of attack - the angle between the direction of movement and the disks. In total, 4 or more sections are installed on one harrow.

Working principle

Disk harrows are used in almost all regions of the country, as they are capable of processing soils with high humidity - about 25-40%, as well as soils with a hardness of not more than 3.5 MPa and the amount of crop residues of about 60%.

High performance and a combination of several technological operations, according to experts, is explained by the principle of its operation, which is as follows:

1. Driven by a traction tractor, the disc harrow cuts into the ground cover to a depth of 4-14 centimeters.
2. During the movement, the disks begin to rotate, the soil layers fall on a concave surface, where they crumble, and after falling, they partially turn over.
3. Simultaneously with the beginning of the process, the sharp edges of the incisors cut the roots of weeds.

During operation, it is important to ensure that all disks touch the earth's firmament. Check this condition before starting processing by installing the equipment on a flat area. If any cuttingthe component does not reach the surface, then its diameter is checked and, if worn, it is changed.

Advantage Features of Disc Harrows

Unlike gear and mesh devices, disk units not only loosen the soil, but also partially turn it over. In this they are similar to disc cultivators. Other advantages that the disc harrow has, users call:

1. Fuel savings in the processing of territories by reducing resistance with the ground.
2. Reducing the risk of damage to elements by obstacles - discs simply run over them.
3. The same depth of penetration into the soil cover.
4. Self-cleaning discs, which allows the use of mechanisms in any soil moisture.

This equipment has gained wide popularity due to its reliability and high performance. The medium-sized unit, coupled with a powerful tractor, is able to process up to 7 hectares of land.

Main types of disc harrows

Disk harrows are classified according to a number of indicators. The first of these is the type of docking with a traction device (tractor). Depending on this, they are divided into trailed and mounted. The first type of agricultural implement incorporates support wheels on which the entire structure rests. The advantage of this solution is that it is convenient to transport.

The mounted disc harrow relies only on cutting elements - discs - and is joined directly to the tractor. The disadvantage of such tools is somedifficulties during transportation, as well as in small dimensions: during movement, the system rises above the ground and is held only by a rigid connection with the tractor.

There are also semi-mounted units that combine the properties of the two previous types - they include support wheels and have medium dimensions.

Classification of disc harrows by design

Depending on the frame structure, there are three main types of disc tools. The first of them is represented by an all-metal frame - all the rods, links of the system are interconnected by rigid links.

The second type is represented by sectional devices. Here, individual parts of the structure are connected to the central beam by hinges, which allows the tool to be folded during transportation. And it is the trailed disc harrow that is most often created using this technology - this allows you to reduce the area of \u200b\u200bthe unit during transportation to the object.

The third type is represented by modular structures - upon arrival at the area to be processed, the structure is assembled from separate elements, like a designer. This allows you to create an even larger tool on the object, but at the same time does not interfere with transportation.

Sharing

Often, disc harrows are used as part of a whole complex of processing tools - seeders, cultivators, plows. And the most popular additional equipment, which is used more often than others by a heavy disc harrow, are rollers.

These devicesdesigned for a wide range of applications:

• smooth trample the ground after filling the seeds;
• annular rammed deep layers and at the same time loosened the upper layers;
• studded rollers break up the largest earthen clods;
• rod or grate only break clods of the specified size.

The presented equipment is usually mounted and directly, with the help of hinges, docks with the frame structure of the harrow. They can be hung on any type of device, including the BDT (heavy disc harrow). The joint use of several types of products allows you to reduce the cost of processing the fertile layer, reduce the time frame and achieve a better result.