2024 Author: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 10:16
Pavlovskaya HPP stands on the Ufa River, near the village of Pavlovka, in the Nurimanovskiy district of Bashkiria. It is the largest hydroelectric power plant in Bashkortostan. The current owner of the station is the Bashkir Generating Company. The main task of the Pavlovskaya HPP is to cover peak loads in the energy system of the Republic of Bashkortostan. In April 2015, the station received the status of the production site of the Priufimskaya CHPP.
History of the Pavlovsk Power Plant
Approval by the Ministry of Energy of the assignment for the development of a project for a station on the river. Ufa took place on May 9, 1945, the construction of the facility began in 1950. For the construction of the station, the best specialists were involved - hydraulic engineers who worked on the construction sites of the Volga-Don complex, the Novosibirsk hydroelectric complex, Dneprostroy and many others. In those years, Pavlovka grew from a village with 40 inhabitants to a large working settlement with a population of more than 12 thousand people.
It took 10 years to build the Pavlovskaya HPP and its hydroelectric complex. The construction was finally completed in 1960, fillingThe reservoir began in 1959 and continued until 1961. The station gave its first current on April 24, 1959, when the 1st hydraulic unit was solemnly launched.
Features and Features
The uniqueness of the Pavlovskaya HPP and its reservoir is determined by the complex geological conditions of the area in which they are located. The Pavlovskaya hydroelectric power station was the first experience in Soviet practice of building a dam and a power plant on limestone, riddled with karst voids and cracks. In order to prevent water from bypassing the dam and to strengthen the hydraulic structures, two 200-meter-deep adits were dug, into which many cubic meters of concrete were pumped. Here, for the first time in the USSR, the dam and the premises of the power plant were combined into one structure.
The Pavlovskaya hydropower plant consists of 5 main elements:
- 41.4 meters high water-resistant concrete spillway dam including the power plant itself;
- left-bank pebble-soil embankment dam 20 meters high;
- central channel fill dam 43 meters high with a concrete core, along the crest of which a car crossing was laid;
- single-chamber dam ship lock, which also acts as a spillway;
- outlet channel.
Today, the capacity of the Pavlovskaya HPP is 201.6 MW, the annual average energy production is 590 million kW/h. In the machine room of the station there are 4 hydraulic units equipped with rotary-blade turbines made at the Kharkov Turbine Plant in 1958. The turbines drive three-phase generators with a capacity of 50.4 MW, manufactured at the then Leningrad plant Electrosila in 1957. The station's hydroelectric units are able to reach full capacity in 4 minutes from the moment of launch and completely stop in the same time.
Pavlovsk reservoir
The constructions of the Pavlovskaya hydroelectric power station are creating a channel reservoir on the Ufa River with a length of more than 150 kilometers and a maximum width of 1.75 kilometers. The maximum depth of the reservoir is 35 meters, the average is almost 12 meters. The surface area of the reservoir is 116 sq. kilometers, total volume - 1.41 cubic meters. kilometers, the normal retaining level is 140 meters. In addition to rotating the turbines of the power plant, it supplies the cities of Ufa and Blagoveshchensk with drinking water.
The reservoir regulates the daily, weekly and seasonal flows of the Ufa River with tributaries. Its filling takes place in the spring and ends in early May. The reservoir absorbs almost 16% of the total spring flow of the river. The accumulated mass of water begins to be used in January, and it lasts until the next spring. The average annual fluctuation of the reservoir level is 11 meters.
The ice on the Pavlovsk reservoir stays from November to May, at other times it is navigable. Mostly, the reservoir serves as a waterway for the delivery of goods to remote areas of Bashkortostan.
Station upgrade
With the efforts of the Bashkir Generating Company in 1999, a serious modernization of equipment began. Thanks to the replacementof the old generator stator insulation to thermoactive, the power of the units increased from 41.6 to 50.4 MW. The installation of thyristor excitation systems for generators and automatic control of generating equipment has added Pavlovskaya HPP to the list of the most highly automated hydroelectric power plants in Russia.
Also, work was carried out to strengthen the hydraulic structures. The reconstruction touched the dam and the diversion channel, which increased the stability factor of the entire hydroelectric complex.
The life of the station, laid down in the project, was 100 years. The changes made during the reconstruction suggest that the Pavlovskaya HPP now has the opportunity to work one and a half times longer than planned.
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