Profession "machine milking operator"

2024 Author: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 10:16

A lot of specialists work in the field of agriculture. The machine milking operator is an important profession in which a person collects milk by an automatic method. Workers are needed on various farms. Specialists collect and account for milk, and are also responsible for the conditions of its storage and compliance with the rules for caring for animals.

Responsibilities

The cow milking machine operator must properly operate and maintain the milking machines. He needs to know about animal diseases, standards of keeping and treatment. It is important to pay attention to the vitamin needs of livestock to produce a high quality product.

The duties of the machine milking operator include the following tasks:

1. Disinfection of premises.
2. Following the rules for feeding and watering livestock.
3. Selection of animal feed.
4. Preparation for milking and caring for livestock.
5. Processing and storage of milk.
6. Product accounting and improvement activitieswork efficiency.

An important requirement is the ability to timely recognize diseases of the udder, which may affect the general condition of the animals. Prevention to protect against ailments is also carried out by the machine milking operator. People with disorders of the musculoskeletal system, diseases of the heart, blood vessels and joints are not hired for this job.

Knowledge

The operator should be aware of:

1. Design and rules for the use of devices.
2. Rules for assembly, disassembly, maintenance of devices.
3. Milking technique.
4. Rules and norms for feeding and watering livestock.
5. Vitamin requirements of animals.
6. Methods to increase milk production.
7. Milk cooling technique.
8. Cattle First Aid Rules.
9. Medicines and disinfectants.

All this knowledge is necessary for the operator to work successfully and produce quality milk.

How a milking machine works

The principle of operation of the device is based on the physiological characteristics of animals. During machine milking of cows, nerve receptors located on the teats are activated. Tactile stimulation is considered a precondition for the transmission of an impulse to the brain, which causes the release of the hormone oxytomycin. It then moves into the udder tissues.

There is a contraction of muscle fibers, surrounded by alveoli, so the milk is sent to the cisterns and milk ducts. The whole process lasts 30-60 seconds. An effective stimulation of the teats of cows is considered to be a calf. Therefore, the technique imitates his sucking movements.

How the apparatus is prepared

To work as an operator, it is important to learn how to prepare the device. The procedure is lubrication. To increase milk flow, the suckers must be treated with a special oil or cream. This procedure stimulates the blood flow inside the udder.

The design takes into account the needs of livestock. The flow of milk controls the process. All cows need an individual approach, as the procedure differs depending on breed, size and other nuances.

Preparing cows

Note that not all animals are suitable for machine milking. The reason is considered to be the non-compliance of livestock with the requirements established by the device manufacturers. Machine milking is only performed under the following conditions:

1. The udder should be tub-like, round or cup-shaped. And its bottom is even.
2. The distance from the udder to the ground cannot be less than 45 cm.
3. The length of the nipples is 6-9 cm, and the diameter in the middle part is from 2 cm. The distance between the front nipples is 6-20 cm, and between the front and back 6-14 cm.
4. Duration of milking between quarters should not exceed 1 minute.
5. Duration of milking should not exceed 7 minutes.
6. The volume of milk after milking should not exceed 200 mg.

The most popular devices aredevices of the company "Tandem". The devices are suitable for those farms where there is no time-matched milk flow rate of the herd and milking. Maximum productivity is achieved using the Yolochka plant, but for its use, cows must be selected according to productivity and milk flow rate.

Milking procedure

The average duration of the process is 5 minutes. It should be borne in mind that during the entire period it is necessary to carefully monitor the behavior of the animal, as well as the flow of milk through the device. If the liquid flow decreases, then the rear part of the udder is machine milked.

The mechanical milking procedure lasts no more than 30 seconds. Do not overexpose milking devices on the nipples, as this can lead to pain, inhibition of milk flow, and injury to the nipples. Before using the device, it is necessary to study its characteristics in order to avoid errors in operation. Any inaccuracy can lead to negative results, so it is important to follow the instructions.

Training

To get a job as a machine milking operator, you need to complete 1400 hours of training on a full-time basis. Then the specialist is provided with a document on the study of the program and the assignment of a profession (3rd category).

During the period of study is mastered:

1. Fundamentals of Animal Science.
2. Veterinary sanitation and hygiene.
3. Safety rules.
4. Environment protection.
5. Production activities.

During trainingchecks are performed. To get a document, you need to pass an exam, a practical task and an interview. Training is carried out in schools, technical schools and factories. Often competitions are held for machine milking operators to select the best specialists and reward them.

Housing

The machine milking operator must be provided with housing. The property is located on private property (near the farm). But housing can also be provided far from the place of work, if there is a special management program for this. When renting a room, the employee is fully or partially compensated for the payment. During the training, future specialists are provided with accommodation in special buildings or hostels.

In some cases, housing is not issued. If the machine milking operator lives far from the livestock farm, he is provided with free travel from home and return delivery. These subtleties are negotiated with the management and indicated in the contract. In some settlements, transportation and accommodation are not provided. Then employees have to pay these expenses themselves.

Salary

Vacations of machine milking operators are in demand, but the salaries of specialists are low. The average income is 15 thousand rubles. The highest salaries are for specialists in the Novgorod, Murmansk regions, Kamchatka Territory (about 22-25 thousand rubles). Low wages are observed in the Kaluga and Arkhangelsk regions. The level of income depends on working conditions, the workload of a specialist and the amount of work.

Thus, operators are essential workers on livestock farms.