What is a hydraulic press cylinder?

2024 Author: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 10:16

The action of a vast group of mechanical power equipment is based on the function of hydraulic cylinders. In some way, a drive system is obtained that, at minimal cost, implements the operating cycle. Units in which such nodes are integrated are used in industry, construction, as well as in private households. A hydraulic cylinder for a press that exerts pressure on a particular material has become widespread. This can be a recycling machine, and matrix devices in the industry, and production lines that compact workpiece mixtures.

Design and working principle

The essence of any hydraulic machine is based on the application of fluid pressure on the piston, which is located in the cylinder. The metal rod of the hydraulic cylinder ensures the cyclic operation of the unit, transmitting the working moment to the final recipient of energy. In the case of a press, the result of the operating moment will be a force applied to the compaction platform. For example, massive pressing panels in recycling machines provide compact compaction of waste paper, metal and other waste.

The site deserves special attentiongenerating effort. As already noted, the pressure is formed by the supply of fluid to the piston. Ordinary water can also act as an active substance, but specialized oil is used in powerful systems. In this case, the hydraulic cylinder can be actuated both by manual effort and by an electric motor, which automatically builds up pressure through the liquid.

Varieties of aggregates

Two variants of hydraulic cylinders are common. These are two- and one-sided units that have fundamental operational differences. Bilateral mechanisms are considered more efficient and functional, in which the piston travels in both directions with fluid. This is a complex hydraulic cylinder that interacts with a connected line to drain and renew water or oil. Accordingly, one-way hydraulics can be considered as a simpler mechanism. In this case, the fluid creates only a force in one direction, after which the piston is returned to its place by special devices - usually springs.

Key Features

Technical and operational parameters in relation to cylinder hydraulic units can be divided into two groups - providing power potential and structural. The main characteristic that determines the hydraulic cylinder in terms of efficiency is precisely the power load. Pressure varies from 2 to 50 tons. Minimum load values up to 10 tons are able to provideone-sided units, and above - two-sided.

In terms of design values, it is important to take into account the stroke and its diameter. The stroke averages 150-400 mm, and the diameter is about 40 mm. These data are not particularly important in terms of performance if the force initially meets the load requirements, but they are important to consider for later integration into the work complex. For example, high-stroke hydraulic power cylinders may not be suitable for a modest waste recycling station. Conversely, when equipping an industrial hoist, it makes no sense to look for a compact cylinder, since such a model is more likely to not be able to provide sufficient force.

Hydraulic Cylinder Manufacturers

Quality cylinders for various needs are produced under the brands Ombra, JTC, Trommelberg, etc. In the families of these companies, you can find units for equipping small auto repair shops, and industrial plants that create a force of tens of tons. Also, models of the Sorokin enterprise in various modifications are widely represented on the domestic market. At the same time, a Russian hydraulic cylinder will cost less, but will provide the same operational effect. Another thing is that the company is more likely to focus on the lower and middle segments - mainly hydraulic cylinders with a load of about 10 tons. However, restrictions on the force of impact are compensated by structural flexibility. Such mechanisms can be used both as an independent functional device, and as a tooling as part of largerproductive machines.

Additional equipment

Additional equipment for hydraulic cylinders is a device for optimizing control, lighting fixtures, as well as security systems. The choice of this or that device is determined by the operating conditions of the mechanism. Often, LED lights are purchased, thanks to which the equipment can be operated at any time of the day. In addition, the presence of a protected backlight may be required in case an unscheduled repair of hydraulic cylinders is planned, which often involves adjustment operations with the connection of pumps or correction of springs. In more complex designs, electronic control panels are often used, which automatically control the supply of working fluid to the pumping group of the hydraulic system.

Conclusion

The performance of lifting pressing mechanisms is largely determined by the action of the pistons that drive the functional components. Performance, in turn, directly determines the hydraulic cylinder for the press and its technical parameters. As a rule, the larger the stem dimensions, the higher the efficiency of the system. Accordingly, for servicing large machines, overall cylinders are purchased that can not only set the pressing platform in motion, but also exert sufficient force through it. In addition to the load itself, the quality of the hydraulic function is also determined by the algorithm of work, whichwill already depend on the nature of the connection and the interaction of the cylinder with the rod.