2024 Author: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 10:16
Intermodal transportation is the transportation of goods in special containers or vehicles. If there is a need to change the types of means when moving cargo, then it is not processed. This improves safety and reduces losses and damages, as well as significantly reducing the time spent on transportation.
Intermodal transportation can reduce the cost of moving goods on inland routes. In addition, their advantage is the ability to use transport over short distances.
Intermodal and multimodal transportation - what's the difference?
In multimodal transportation, goods are moved by various modes of transport and several carriers. At the same time, it is necessary to prepare several sets of accompanying documentation. Virtually all transportation between continents today is multimodal.
Intermodal transportation involvesmovement of goods using several types of vehicles, but the responsibility for the goods lies with one company and one transaction agreement is drawn up.
Historical information
Intermodal transport was first known in the 18th century, before the first railways were built. In 1780, the fact of transporting coal in containers to Great Britain was documented. In the 20th century, the first closed containers were invented. As a rule, they were used to transport furniture and were used in transportation by cars and by rail.
In the 1920s, the first standards for the production of containers were adopted. They measured 1, 5 or 3 meters. That is, by modern standards, they were quite small. For their manufacture, mainly wood was used, and they had a curved roof. During World War II, pallets were widely used in the United States for the first time, that is, it became possible to quickly move goods between warehouses, cars, ships, and so on. This allowed to significantly reduce labor costs for intermediate cargo handling and, consequently, reduce the number of personnel.
Cargo handling
Intermodal transport requires the construction of specialized lifting equipment to move containers between vehicles. If the cargo is transported using sea lines, then the construction of an entire infrastructure for its maintenance is required: loading and unloading mechanisms,deep water ports.
Intermodal transportation within the continent is mainly carried out by road or rail. In some countries, containers are loaded onto trucks in two tiers, which reduces transportation costs.
In intermodal transportation, a term such as "land bridge" is used if the majority of the route lies within the territory inside the continent and runs between sea sections. This section is predominantly used by rail.
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