Diseases of onions. How not to lose the harvest?

2024 Author: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 10:16

When onions appeared in Russia, it is not known for certain. However, there is no doubt that not a single table in our country can do without it, it is used in most dishes. Traditional medicine widely uses it for medicinal purposes. Onions treat scurvy - the main scourge of the northern regions of the country, colds, boils, gout, rheumatism and many other ailments. Growing a vegetable crop, preventing pests and ensuring the necessary storage conditions until the next harvest are important tasks for amateur gardeners and agricultural enterprises.

Onion diseases can be caused by both bad external factors and the attack of pests, among which the onion fly can be distinguished. This insect most often infects the culture. Pupae safely survive the winter in the soil at a depth of 10-20 centimeters. Upon the arrival of spring, female onion flies leave their burrows and lay their eggs on the soil in the places where onions are planted. The larvae that appear penetrate into the bulb itself and feed on its pulp. As a result, it rots, the foliage dries up and turns yellow. And the larvae grow up and lay the next offspring of pupae.

If illnesses were observedonions caused by this insect, it is recommended not to plant the crop in the same place more than once every three to four years. It is impossible to apply manure and nitrogen fertilizers to the soil immediately before planting. Work should be carried out in early spring. The use of chemicals in the processing of onions is undesirable. In summer, the land around the crop can be cultivated by sprinkling with a mixture of tobacco and lime dust (one to one), ash (at the rate of 2 kg per 10 sq.m.), a mixture of naphthalene and sand (in equal amounts), peat. Onion diseases caused by onion flies can be tried to be overcome by spraying, but this is a rather laborious and frequent procedure. 300 grams of s alt are diluted in 10 liters of water, each plant is watered with this solution under the root, trying not to get on the leaves. If this happens, immediately wash off with fresh water. Wait 3 hours and process the entire area clean. This procedure is repeated after 10 days, making the solution richer: 400 grams of s alt per 10 liters. All negative effects of the insect leading to onion disease will recede.

Another problem in vegetable crops is downy mildew, a bacterial infection. It overwinters in the bulb, and with the planting of the seed begins its development. To avoid such a misfortune, it is necessary to store onions in the winter in a warm, dry room with good ventilation. When planting, carefully sort the seed, selecting he althy, strong bulbs. Downy mildew appears as spots on the vegetable, gradually they increase in size andacquire a grayish tint. If such bulbs fall into the ground, then the leaves of the beginning shoots turn yellow, later break, and the flower stalks droop. The infection spreads to the entire sowing area, which inevitably leads to the death of the entire crop. Therefore, it is necessary to carefully monitor the quality of the material, the absence of signs of onion disease. Only in this case is it possible to avoid downy mildew, which is considered one of the most dangerous for a cultivated vegetable, capable of destroying the work of both an amateur gardener and an agricultural enterprise.

Compliance with the necessary conditions for growing and storage, the timeliness of measures to prevent crop death will allow you to grow he althy and strong bulbs.