Who is a "dominant"? Breed of chickens "dominant": description of the breed, characteristics and reviews

2024 Author: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 10:16

Czech breeders have bred a special egg-laying, resistant to viral diseases, unpretentious breed of chickens. It got its name from the company "Dominant", where it was received.

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Who is a "dominant"? This is a specially bred egg-laying breed of chickens. It was created according to a certain scheme, crossing the well-known breeds of Cornish, Leghorn, Plymouth Rock, Rhode Island, Sussex. Even some similarities with these breeds can be seen.

The Leghorn breed is very productive, the Cornish breed has a large amount of meat with a small amount of feed. Chickens of the universal breed "Plymouthrock" - large, stocky, motley, "Rhode Island" - have a dense plumage, "Sussex" - differ in the different colors of chickens and cockerels.

External signs of the breed

Externally, the "dominant" breed is distinguished by a large massive body and lush plumage, which makes it seem larger than it really is. Visually even moreshort light yellow legs make her stocky. With a large body, the head is small, the comb, earrings and face are bright scarlet. Earrings are rounded, small even in males, while in chickens they are very small. The wings fit snugly to the body.

Breeders bred a breed not only highly productive, but also distinguished by a beautiful exterior. Therefore, the "dominant" consists of twelve colored hybrids. According to the owners, the most beautiful variety of the breed is the “blue dominant”.

Characteristic of the breed

Since the "Czech dominant" - chickens, first of all, egg-bearing, their main characteristic is productivity. It is (naturally, with the right content) 300 eggs per year per laying hen. A large “dominant” egg can weigh about 70 g. This is a rather large figure, usually an egg weighs about 55 g. Eggs, by the way, are approximately the same brown in all colored hybrids.

Another important characteristic of the “dominant” is that one individual eats about 120-125 g of food per day. That is, during the year one chicken needs only 45 kg of feed. At the same time, the laying hen already at 18 weeks (4.5 months) weighs 1.6 kg, and by 72 weeks it reaches 2.5 kg. By the age of one and a half, a rooster weighs about 3 kg, depending on the conditions of detention, of course. Dominant chickens have high immunity, almost do not get sick, their survival rate is 94-99%.

At home, no one weighs chickens and eggs. Few people count eggs. According to reviews, recalculatedonly the livestock or the number of birds that died for various reasons (for example, neighbors in the cage pecked, strangled by a dog).

Egg production testing is carried out at an independent International grading station in Ustrashice in the same Czech Republic. The control period of testing is 74 weeks (one and a half years). During testing, the number and average weight of eggs from one laying hen per year and the cost of feed per egg are determined.

It was on the basis of the test results that the main characteristics that distinguish the “dominant” breed were determined.

Description of the breed

Dominant chickens have practically no flaws. These are ideal laying hens, from the first year of productivity, carrying about 300 eggs per year. High productivity persists for another two or three years, then declines.

“Czech Dominant” - chickens are unusually hardy, can survive in different conditions, do not require special care either in heat or frost, or in high humidity or drought.

Chickens of this breed are unpretentious in food. Their body can get all the necessary substances even from the most low-grade food. In addition, while walking, they independently obtain food and the missing nutrients.

Dominant chickens have an interesting distinctive feature. Their sex can be determined immediately after hatching by the color of the down. The darker ones will be laying hens, the lighter ones will be cockerels. Even babies easily tolerate colds and temperature changes.

Strong immunity saves "dominants" even frominfectious diseases. True, with timely and proper treatment.

High survival rate (more than 94%) allows them to live up to the age of 10 years. This chickens are very old. Layers continue to lay eggs, although productivity drops to 15%.

Feeding the breed

The characteristics of the breed are wonderful, but to obtain high productivity, you need to ensure that the feed contains sufficient calcium and protein.

Who is a "dominant"? Let it be hardy and egg-laying, but a chicken. And you need to feed the bird of this breed with ordinary chicken feed. These are grain (barley and wheat), corn, sunflower meal, boiled potatoes and carrots, yeast, pumpkin, millet, chalk, bone meal, greens. You can add feed. Chickens will get fresh grass themselves.

Proteins are found in meal and cake not only of sunflower, but also of soybean and rapeseed, in bone and fish meal, dairy production waste.

Calcium is found in egg shells, chalk, small shells, crushed bones.

Breed content

Until late autumn, chickens can walk in small enclosures. Since they do not fly, then the fence can not be made high. The bird spends the night and hibernates, like chickens of other breeds, in poultry houses with thick bedding made of hay, straw, sawdust, dry leaves.

Birds are viable, even if there are no conditions for walking. But in order for chickens to get the vitamins they need, including vitamin D, it's best to provide them with a place to roam in the fresh air.

According to many chicken ownersbreeds of "dominants" in cramped cages, birds fight, pecking to death the weaker ones. Therefore, do not neglect the generally accepted norms for the area of \u200b\u200bthe premises per individual.

Egg production in "dominants", of course, is high, but you can not violate the basic rules necessary to maintain that indicator. Lighting plays an important role here. Therefore, the poultry house will need artificial lighting in autumn and winter to lengthen daylight hours.

Experienced poultry farmers, judging by the reviews, insulate the house and hang lamps in it, because unpretentiousness is, of course, good, but productivity is still more important.

Main types of breed

Who is a "dominant"? How to correctly determine the signs of a breed if it has many species that differ in plumage color? Inexperienced poultry farmers may not be able to cope with such a task. Therefore, it is better to buy poultry for breeding in specialized farms in order to avoid deception.

The most popular are:

• "dominant Sussex D 104", resembling the original breed, only the productivity is much higher - 300 eggs per year;
• "dominant black D 109" gives 310 eggs per year from one laying hen;
• “dominant blue D 107” is distinguished by the fact that it adapts remarkably in harsh weather conditions with even higher productivity than the black “dominant”;
• "dominant brown D 102" can produce more than 315 eggs per year.

For growing in large poultry farms, experts advise using "D 102" or "white D 159"; on a personalfarmstead or in a small farm - "gray-speckled D 959", "D 109", "D 104", "D 107".

The number code is the variety, and the letter "D" is the "dominant" breed.

Dominant black

The breed with the designation "D 109" is unpretentious to climatic conditions and maintenance, it is popular in cool Europe and sultry Africa, Asia and Latin America. Laying hens easily tolerate climate change. Productivity is confirmed in the International station. Cockerels are distinguished by a white spot on their heads, while laying hens have a dark head.

One laying hen can lay a little less than 220 kg of eggs per year. Feed consumption per egg is 151 g. These data allow even an inexperienced farmer to draw up a business plan and calculate the cost of eggs. It is easy to understand that this is a profitable business, knowing the selling price and the profit that the "dominant" breed can bring. The description of the breed always includes the calm, friendly nature of the poultry. Black D 109 is no exception.

Feedback from farmers confirms the excellent characteristics of the breed, but rational nutrition and favorable conditions help to maintain the livestock and its high productivity.

Dominant Brown

"Dominant D 102" is used in conditions of intensive poultry farming. This variety is popular in Asia and Africa, Kazakhstan, Ukraine, Slovakia, Poland and Switzerland. She feels great in the unpretentious conditions of farms. Strictly speaking, only the “dominant 102” hen is brown, the cockerel is white.

Food consumption per egg is slightly less - 149 g. One adult will need only 122 g of feed per day.

Dominant blue D 107

Many poultry farmers love the "dominant" variety (reviews confirm this) for the spectacular plumage color. But this is not its only merit. In the extreme climatic conditions of Africa in the poultry industry, it shows remarkable persistence and productivity. Perfectly adapts to home gardens in the UK, Italy, Poland, Slovakia, Slovenia, Ukraine, Switzerland, Latin America and Asia. Has good immunity.

For one kilogram of egg mass, 2.6 kg of feed is consumed. The eggs are usually medium in size with a strong brown shell.

Red striped D 159

Very beautiful plumage and this variety of breed "dominant". At the same time, high productivity is maintained - about 300 eggs per year. This hybrid is grown mainly in household plots. Layers fledge quickly, males much more slowly.

In terms of feed consumption and per individual and per egg, the indicators are approximately the same as in other varieties. Therefore, in the household they are chosen by lovers of bright colors.

Mottled D 959

Very similar in characteristics and another hybrid with a very interesting, perhaps the most unusual speckled plumage - "dominant speckled D 959". The dots on the feathers are arranged in a certain order.

It is grown in almost all countries of Western Europe, inLatin America and Asia.

High production - more than 310 eggs - confirmed by the International Grading Station.

This hybrid is ideal for industrial breeding. It easily tolerates changing climatic conditions and transportation.

But, like many varieties of the breed, "D 959" is not suitable for meat. A young laying hen at the age of 18 weeks is already starting to lay eggs, and weighs no more than 1.5 kg.

So, who is the "dominant"? These are friendly, unpretentious, beautifully colored chickens that are great for keeping on farms and on a private plot. They do not require large expenditures for maintenance and feeding, but they are distinguished by very high productivity and longevity. They carry eggs not only for domestic use, but also for sale. The sale of "dominant" eggs is a highly profitable business and affordable even for novice farmers.