Fruit hybrids: list of hybrids, crossing process, characteristics, photos

2024 Author: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 10:16

Currently, markets and shops sell a huge amount of fruit for every taste. Surprisingly, many of them are hybrids, which means that they were bred by the labor of breeders. The process of crossing can take more than one month or even a year, but as a result, people get new fruit hybrids that have excellent taste and benefit our he alth.

How does crossbreeding happen?

The process of hybridization is aimed at creating new animal breeds and plant varieties. In the latter case, the method of artificial pollination is widely used. For this, he althy parental organisms are selected that are resistant to viral diseases and contain a large amount of useful substances.

Breeders collect pollen from a plant selected as the paternal organism. The anthers are knocked out of the buds and dried on paper. After they crack, the pollen is collected and placed in cleanglass vials. At the same time, anthers are removed from the mother plant. The buds are covered with gauze so that the bees cannot pollinate the flowers. The resulting pollen is applied to the stigma of the pestle. If the fertilization was successful, then the fruit with hybrid seeds is soon tied. In the fall, they are planted in the ground and, if successful, hybrid seedlings are formed the next year, which contain signs of both parental organisms.

Pluot

In Russia, this hybrid is not very well known, but it is impossible not to talk about it. It takes its name from the English names for plum and apricot (plum and apricot, respectively). Pluot is more like a plum, and another hybrid of these two fruits - aprium - is very similar to an apricot. Pluot can be pink, green, purple or burgundy in color, with flesh ranging from white to deep plum.

The fruit hybrid was bred by California breeders. It happened in 1989 when a local nursery called Dave Wilson Nursery decided to create their own varieties of fruit. To this day, roy alty is charged from growers of pluot, the amount of which is $ 2 per seedling (about 125 rubles). Currently, more than 11 varieties of pluot are known. They are widely used in the food industry: desserts are made from fruits, delicious juice is extracted, they are used in winemaking.

Actually, a pluot is not only a fruit hybrid. This name belongs to a trademark that sells products created on the basis of worksAmerican geneticist Floyd Zyger. Pluot produces the following hybrids:

• Aprium, bred by crossing apricot and plum. It took over most of the characteristics from the first fruit than the plum, which is how it got its name. There are 2 varieties of this fruit. The fruits are quite dry, not too juicy. They have wonderful taste qualities, they emit a light orange aroma.
• Pichplam is a hybrid of peach and plum.
• Nectaplum with characteristics of nectarine and plum.

Nashi

Which fruit is a hybrid of a pear and an apple? This is Neshi, which was bred in Asia. Due to the fact that it was first grown in Asia, it is known by other names: water, sand, Japanese pear. In appearance, Nash is difficult to distinguish from an apple. The peel can have a different color, ranging from a pale green hue to green. Inside, the hybrid is similar to a pear: it is just as crispy and juicy. The advantage of nashi over regular pears is that the fruit is better transportable due to its hard skin.

Hybrid has excellent taste. It contains a large amount of water, so Nashi lovers recommend eating the fruit fresh or adding it to salads. The heat treatment of fruits lends itself poorly due to excess moisture. Often the fruit is served as an appetizer for wine. There are more than 10 varieties of Nash, which are cultivated in the USA, Chile, France, Australia, New Zealand and even Cyprus.

Yuzu

The fruit hybrids listed in this article often have unusual names. This feature has not bypassed the Japanese lemon, popularly referred to as "Yuzu", bred by crossing the Ichang papeda and mandarin. The skin of the fruit can be yellow or green, it has a bumpy texture. A strong aroma emanates from the fruit. The hybrid is similar in size to a tangerine. It tastes very sour, which hasn't stopped yuzu from gaining popularity in Japan.

In the Land of the Rising Sun, it has been widely used in the food industry since the beginning of the 7th century. Later, residents of China and Korea learned about it. Japanese lemon zest is a popular Asian condiment. It is used to prepare fish dishes, noodles and miso soup. On its basis, all kinds of drinks, syrups, jams and various desserts are made. Yuzu juice is an excellent substitute for vinegar. It is added to ponzu sauce.

However, Japanese lemon is used not only in cooking and drinks. Every year, on December 22, on the day of the winter solstice, the inhabitants of Japan take baths with the addition of yuzu juice. It is believed that this will protect them from troubles and drive away evil forces from their homes. If, after water procedures, you eat a little pumpkin, which also symbolizes the sun, then a person will not have a cold for a whole year. Pets can also be dipped in a Japanese lemon juice bath. The rest of the water should be watered plants located at home.

Grapefruit

Do you know the hybrid of what fruit is grapefruit? It was obtained by crossing oranges withpomelo, although the appearance of this hybrid was born without human intervention. In fact, the crossing occurred naturally, and the fruits were discovered in 1750 in Barbados quite by accident.

The fruits got their name for a reason, because they grow in large clusters. Because of this, the grapefruit was given the name "grape fruit". The fruits may be yellow, orange, reddish in color. There are even varieties with white and pink skins! The color of the grapefruit does not affect the taste of the fruit.

Hybrid is of great benefit to humans, because it stabilizes the metabolism and has a positive effect on overall well-being. No wonder it is advised to eat if you want to get rid of extra pounds. In addition, the red and pink varieties of grapefruit are rich in vitamin A.

Agli

Some fruit hybrids are derived from already existing hybrids. An example of such plants is agly, which was obtained by crossing a tangerine and a grapefruit. The fruits are quite large, wrinkled skin has a greenish-yellow color. The pulp of the fruit is very juicy and sweet. To a person who does not know that agli was created on the basis of grapefruit, it may seem that the fruits are hybrids of lemon and tangerine.

Graple

Some fruit hybrids were randomly bred, others took a lot of effort from breeders to create. So, scientists have spent a lot of time working on growing grapes. This fruit looks like a copyapples, and tastes like grapes. From these two plants he was taken out. It is larger than apples, the flesh is sweeter and crispier. Graple is not just a hybrid with good taste. Trademark of the same name registered.

Blood lime

Blood lime was obtained by hybridization of Ellendale mandarin with finger lime. The fruits have an unusual color: both the pulp, and the peel, and the juice are blood-red, which gives the plant an unusual appearance. To tell the truth, this hybrid fruit has a very sour taste that not everyone will like.

Rangpur or Limandarin

The hybrid variety was bred as a result of crossing a lemon and a tangerine. It received the name "Rangpur" in honor of the city in which it is grown. The city is located in Bangladesh. The fruit can be used in place of lime in many dishes. The fruits are not too big, they have a sour taste. Rangpur is a popular houseplant in the US and used as a rootstock in other countries.

Nectacotum

This fruit was obtained by crossing plum, nectarine and apricot. The skin is reddish-green, the flesh is colored light pink. The fruits are sweet in taste, professional chefs advise adding them to various salads.

Pomelo, or sheddock

One of the most unusual hybrids is the pomelo. Its fruits weigh on average about a kilogram, and in their homeland, in the Philippines, they sometimes grow the size of a watermelon. What fruit was the pomelo hybrid derived from? It is known that atGrapefruits and oranges were used in breeding this plant.

The pomelo has a strong scent that can be smelled from a distance. The peel is moderately dense and shiny, there are no seals and growths on it. Ripe fruit has a uniform yellow or green color.

Pomelo has a beneficial effect on the condition of the intestines. The fruits contain iron and potassium, necessary for the production of hemoglobin in the blood and stimulating the heart. The fruit is rich in vitamins, so it can be eaten to prevent colds and cancer.

Orangelo

The rounded fruit is similar in size to a grapefruit. The flesh is easily peeled from the shiny yellow skin. Inside the fruit is divided into several parts, the number of which varies from 9 to 13. The flesh has a bright yellow-orange color. The taste of the fruit is slightly sour, but not bitter. In fact, after tasting orange, you can easily understand that this fruit was bred from grapefruit and orange.

Nectarine

What fruit hybrid is everyone's favorite nectarine? Experts are sure that this fruit was obtained as a result of a mutation of peaches during self-pollination, that is, it is not a hybrid. However, there is another point of view, according to which the nectarine was bred as a result of crossing peaches with plums. Outwardly, the fruit resembles a peach, the main difference is that the nectarine has a smooth skin, there is no pile on it. The flesh is quite firm. The color varies from light yellow to cherry hues. In fruitscontains a large amount of vitamins and useful micro and macro elements, including phosphorus, potassium, vitamin A.

Lemato

There are hybrids of fruits and vegetables, they are called lemato. The fruits of this plant are outwardly very similar to tomatoes, but they give off the aroma of roses and citrus fruits, namely lemon. The skin is light red, as it contains a small amount of lycopene. The advantage of lemato over regular tomatoes is that they use less pesticides in their cultivation.

This unusual hybrid was bred thanks to Israeli scientists. They tried to prove to the whole world that a vegetable can have a fruity flavor, and they succeeded. An experiment was conducted in which 82 people tried lemato. As a result, most of the respondents, namely 49 respondents, preferred a hybrid. 29 people noted that a real vegetable cannot be compared with lemato. The remaining people found it difficult to choose.

Abricotine

A hybrid of what is a fruit with that name? If we start from the naming, we can assume that nectarine and apricot were crossed to produce apricotine. This is probably true, because the fruit has a very juicy pulp, which is easily separated from the stone, like a nectarine. The skin is smooth and soft. In the markets they offer to buy a hybrid fruit abricotine, which cannot be said about nectacotes: the first name is better known to domestic consumers. However, nectacot is a hybrid of the same fruits, but it looks more like a nectarine. It has good tastequalities.

According to information from Wikipedia, apricotine is a hybrid fruit. There is also a popular liqueur of the same name. It is prepared from apricots or their seeds. The drink made from the pulp tastes quite sweet. It is used to prepare desserts and other soft drinks. Liquor "Abricotine" on a stone basis has a bitter almond flavor. In addition, this is the name of the liqueur essence, which is used in the food industry in the production of caramel.